Aspects of this topic are discussed in the following places at Britannica.
...ending the Arrow War (the second Opium War; 1856–60) and forcing trading concessions to be granted to the West. It was then that Feng wrote his well-known Jiaobinlu kangyi (“Protest from the Jiaobin Studio”). In it he warned the Chinese of the difference between the old Confucian world and the new world that had resulted from the...
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