Aspects of this topic are discussed in the following places at Britannica.
...consciousness and a sense of ecological solidarity. The biocentric principle of interconnectedness was extensively developed by British environmentalist James Lovelock, who postulated in Gaia: A New Look at Life on Earth (1979) that the planet is a single living, self-regulating entity capable of reestablishing an ecological equilibrium, even without the existence of human...
...idea generated extensive criticism and spawned a steady stream of new research that has enriched the debate and advanced both ecology and environmental science. Lovelock called his idea the “Gaia Hypothesis” and defined Gaia asa complex entity involving Earth’s biosphere, atmosphere, oceans, and soil; the totality constituting a feedback of cybernetic systems which...
in climate: Climate, humans, and human affairs )The Gaia hypothesis, introduced at the beginning of this section, remains controversial in the scientific community. Nevertheless, the question of whether Homo sapiens possesses the capacity and the will to maintain the Earth-atmosphere system in a sort of relative homeostatic balance is intriguing. The Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer,...
The Gaia hypothesis postulates that the physical conditions of the Earth’s surface, oceans, and atmosphere have been made fit and comfortable for life and have been maintained in this state by the biota themselves. Evidence includes the relatively constant temperature of the Earth’s surface that has been maintained for the past 3.5 billion years despite a 25 percent increase in energy coming...
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