town, capital of the Hautes-Alpes département, Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur région, southeastern France, south-southeast of Grenoble. Situated at an elevation of 2,406 feet (733 metres) in a valley on the right bank of the Luye, a tributary of the Durance, it is a thriving tourist centre surrounded by mountains that attracts visitors in both the summer and the winter. Through the town pass the main road from Briançon to the Rhône Valley and the Route Napoléon—the road that Napoleon took in 1815 when he crossed the Alps into France on his return from exile on Elba. Gap was the first place where he was well received. Known as Vapincum to the Romans, the town was founded by the Roman emperor Augustus in about 14 bc. The town remained under episcopal rule until 1512, when it was annexed by France. In addition to being a tourist destination, Gap is an administrative and commercial centre with a number of light industries (computers, biotechnology). Its relative isolation is reduced by the highway that links Gap to Aix-en-Provence and Marseille. Pop. (1999) 36,262; (2005 est.) 38,200.
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