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...a number of dialects and languages spoken in Tibet and the Himalayas. Burmic (Burmese in its widest application) includes Yi (Lolo), Hani, Lahu, Lisu, Kachin (Jingpo), Kuki-Chin, the obsolete Xixia (Tangut), and other languages. The Tibetan writing system (which dates from the 7th century) and the Burmese (dating from the 11th century) are derived from the Indo-Aryan (Indic) tradition;...
in Tibeto-Burman languages: The Qiangic group )...known to Western scholars at the time the Conspectus was written (c. 1942–43) or published (1972). Ersu/Tosu is perhaps an indirect descendant of the extinct Xixia (also known as Tangut) language, once spoken in a powerful empire located in the far northwestern part of the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. Although the empire was destroyed by the Mongols...
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