Aspects of this topic are discussed in the following places at Britannica.
In the hands of Muḥammad and his successor Ibrāhīm al-Imām (c. 701–749), the Hāshimīyah became a political instrument for stirring up anti-Umayyad sentiment among moderate Shīʿite and non-Arab, especially Iranian, converts to Islam. The sect’s missionary branch, developed by Abū Hāshim, was sent into the Iranian province...
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