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22 Prairial Year II, Law of (French history)
...later Danton and other so-called “indulgents” met the same fate for seeking to end the Terror—prematurely in the eyes of the committee. Then the Convention passed the infamous law of 22 Prairial, year II (June 10, 1794), to streamline revolutionary justice, denying the accused any effective right to self-defense and eliminating all sentences other than acquittal or death......
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2,2,4-trimethylpentane (chemical compound)
...catalyst to convert unbranched alkanes to their branched-chain isomers. In one such application, butane is isomerized to 2-methylpropane for use as a starting material in the preparation of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (isooctane), which is a component of high-octane gasoline....
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2,3-diphosphoglycerate (chemical compound)
The two main regulators of oxygen uptake and delivery are the pH (a measure of the acidity or basicity) of tissues and the content of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) in red cells. The pH of blood is kept relatively constant at the slightly alkaline level of about 7.4 (pH less than 7 indicates acidity, more than 7 alkalinity). The effect of pH on the ability of hemoglobin to bind oxygen is......
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2,3-DPG (chemical compound)
The two main regulators of oxygen uptake and delivery are the pH (a measure of the acidity or basicity) of tissues and the content of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) in red cells. The pH of blood is kept relatively constant at the slightly alkaline level of about 7.4 (pH less than 7 indicates acidity, more than 7 alkalinity). The effect of pH on the ability of hemoglobin to bind oxygen is......
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2,3,7,8-TCDD (chemical compound)
...By convention these positions are assigned the numbers 1 through 4 and 6 through 9. The more toxic dioxins carry chlorine atoms at these positions, and the best-known one has chlorine atoms at the 2,3,7, and 8 positions. This isomer—2,3,7,8-TCDD—is extremely stable chemically. It is virtually insoluble in water and in most organic compounds but is soluble in oils. It is this......
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2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (chemical compound)
...By convention these positions are assigned the numbers 1 through 4 and 6 through 9. The more toxic dioxins carry chlorine atoms at these positions, and the best-known one has chlorine atoms at the 2,3,7, and 8 positions. This isomer—2,3,7,8-TCDD—is extremely stable chemically. It is virtually insoluble in water and in most organic compounds but is soluble in oils. It is this......
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24 (American television program)
American prime-time television action-suspense series airing on the Fox Network and syndicated globally. Since its first episode aired on Nov. 6, 2001, the show has been one of Fox’s most successful programs, garnering dozens of Emmy Award nominations and winning the award for outstanding drama series in 2006....
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“24 Bücher allgemeiner Geschichten” (work by Müller)
...(Among other things, it was the source for Friedrich Schiller’s Wilhelm Tell.) Müller’s attempt at universal history, the 24 Bücher allgemeiner Geschichten (1810 et seq.; The History of the World), is indebted to the historical outlook of the Enlightenment but points forward to Leopold von Ranke in its religious conception. In Fürstenbu...
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24 Capricci (works by Paganini)
Between 1801 and 1807 he wrote the 24 Capricci for unaccompanied violin, displaying the novel features of his technique, and the two sets of six sonatas for violin and guitar. He reappeared in Italy as a violinist in 1805 and was appointed director of music at Piombino by Napoleon’s sister, Élisa Bonaparte Baciocchi. He later gave recitals of his own compositions in man...
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2,4-D (herbicide)
...use. Chemical weed control superseded both plant-disease and insect-pest control in economic impact. The year 1945 marked the beginning of a new era in chemical weed control. Introduced then were 2,4-D, 2,4,5,-T and IPC, the first two selective as foliar sprays against broad-leaved weeds, the third selective against grass species when applied through the soil. These new organic herbicides......
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2,4-dichlorophenoxyethanoic acid (herbicide)
...use. Chemical weed control superseded both plant-disease and insect-pest control in economic impact. The year 1945 marked the beginning of a new era in chemical weed control. Introduced then were 2,4-D, 2,4,5,-T and IPC, the first two selective as foliar sprays against broad-leaved weeds, the third selective against grass species when applied through the soil. These new organic herbicides......
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2,4,5-T (herbicide)
...undesirable by-product during the synthesis of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol and some other useful compounds. The chemical 2,4,5-trichlorophenol serves as a raw material for making the herbicides Silvex and 2,4,5-T (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid). The latter is a major active ingredient of Agent Orange (q.v.), a defoliant formerly used in Vietnam by the U.S. military and in the United States...
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2,4,5-TCPPA (chemical compound)
...into dimethyl trichlorophenyl phosphorothioate, a systemic agent effective against grubs in cattle; and into 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) or 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxypropionic acid (2,4,5-TCPPA), both widely used as weed killers....
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2,4,5-trichlorophenol (chemical compound)
Dioxin serves no useful purpose but is formed as an undesirable by-product during the synthesis of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol and some other useful compounds. The chemical 2,4,5-trichlorophenol serves as a raw material for making the herbicides Silvex and 2,4,5-T (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid). The latter is a major active ingredient of Agent Orange (q.v.), a defoliant formerly used in......
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2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (herbicide)
...undesirable by-product during the synthesis of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol and some other useful compounds. The chemical 2,4,5-trichlorophenol serves as a raw material for making the herbicides Silvex and 2,4,5-T (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid). The latter is a major active ingredient of Agent Orange (q.v.), a defoliant formerly used in Vietnam by the U.S. military and in the United States...
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2,4,5-trichlorophenoxypropionic acid (chemical compound)
...into dimethyl trichlorophenyl phosphorothioate, a systemic agent effective against grubs in cattle; and into 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) or 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxypropionic acid (2,4,5-TCPPA), both widely used as weed killers....
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2,4,6-trinitrophenol (chemical compound)
pale yellow, odourless crystalline solid that has been used as a military explosive, as a yellow dye, and as an antiseptic. Picric acid (from Greek pikros, “bitter”) was so named by the 19th-century French chemist Jean-Baptiste-André Dumas because of the extremely bitter taste of its yellow aqueous solution. Percussion or rapid heating can cause it (or its salts with he...
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247 (airplane)
...coupled with a monocoque design, enabled aircraft to fly farther and faster. Hugo Junkers, a German, built the first all-metal monoplane in 1910, but the design was not accepted until 1933, when the Boeing 247-D entered service. The twin-engine design of the latter established the foundation of modern air transport....
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24th Annual Academy Awards (awarded 1952)
A complex film with a nonlinear narrative structure, Rashomon reveals a simple view of enduring humanity. The intriguing picture presents several versions of the same incident—a bandit rapes a woman and the woman’s husband is murdered in the woods—as told by a group gathered around the ruins of a city gate. Early critics interpreted the film as questioning the nature of...
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25 de Abril, Ponte (bridge, Lisbon, Portugal)
...the river’s entrance into the Atlantic Ocean. From the ocean upstream to the city, the river is almost straight and about 2 miles (3 km) wide. It is spanned, on the west side of the city, by the 25th of April Bridge. Just east of the bridge, the Tagus suddenly broadens into a bay 7 miles (11 km) wide called the Mar de Palha (“Sea of Straw”) because of the way that it shimme...
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25 September Plassen (work by Solstad)
...Arild Asnes, 1970 (1971), which traced the development of a young man to the point at which he perceived that political revolution was necessary and must be brought about by conflict. In 25 September Plassen (1974; “September 25th Square”) he showed the growing political awareness on the part of factory workers in the period following World War II. Svik.......
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25th Annual Academy Awards (awarded 1953)
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25th Hour (film by Lee)
...later films include He Got Game (1998), a family drama that is both an exposé of college basketball recruiting practices and paean to the sport, and 25th Hour (2002), which focuses on the last day of freedom for a convicted drug dealer. Inside Man (2006), starring Denzel Washington and Jodie Foster, centres on the...
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25th of April Bridge (bridge, Lisbon, Portugal)
...the river’s entrance into the Atlantic Ocean. From the ocean upstream to the city, the river is almost straight and about 2 miles (3 km) wide. It is spanned, on the west side of the city, by the 25th of April Bridge. Just east of the bridge, the Tagus suddenly broadens into a bay 7 miles (11 km) wide called the Mar de Palha (“Sea of Straw”) because of the way that it shimme...
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2,6-dichlorophenol (chemical compound)
The sex pheromone of the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum, is 2,6-dichlorophenol, and 2,6-dibromophenol has been isolated from the acorn worm, Balanoglossus biminiensis....
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26th Annual Academy Awards (awarded 1954)
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26th of July Movement (Cuban history)
revolutionary movement led by Fidel Castro that overthrew the regime of Fulgencio Batista in Cuba (1959). Its name commemorates an attack on the Santiago de Cuba army barracks on July 26, 1953. The movement began formally in 1955 when Castro went to Mexico to form a disciplined guerrilla force. The leaders of the movement remaining in Cuba to carry out sabotage and political act...
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27th Annual Academy Awards (awarded 1955)
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28th Annual Academy Awards (awarded 1956)
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291 (Dadaist periodical)
...York Dada. Traveling between the United States and Europe, Picabia became a link between the Dada groups in New York, Zürich, and Paris; his Dada periodical, 291, was published in New York, Zürich, Paris, and Barcelona, Spain, from 1917 through 1924....
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291 (gallery, New York City, New York, United States)
Late in 1905, with the encouragement of his young protégé Steichen, Stieglitz opened the Little Galleries of the Photo-Secession, a name soon shortened to 291, the gallery’s address on lower Fifth Avenue in New York City. During the gallery’s first four years it most often functioned as an exhibition space for the Photo-Secession photographers. By the 1909 season, howev...
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29th Annual Academy Awards (awarded 1957)
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2C tank
...1918 French Schneider and St. Chamond tanks already had 75-millimetre guns while the heavier British tanks were at best armed with 57-millimetre guns. After the war the French built 10 68-ton 2C tanks with the first turret-mounted 75-millimetre guns and continued to develop 75-millimetre-gun tanks, notably the 30-ton Char B of 1936....
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2nd Annual Academy Awards (awarded April 3, 1930)
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2nd earl Temple (British statesman)
George Grenville’s second son, created (1784) the marquess of Buckingham (the town). He made his mark as lord lieutenant of Ireland....
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2nd of May 1808: The Charge of the Mamelukes, The (work by Goya)
...the restoration of Ferdinand VII in 1814, after the expulsion of the invaders, Goya was pardoned for having served the French king and reinstated as first court painter. The 2nd of May 1808: The Charge of the Mamelukes and The 3rd of May 1808: The Execution of the Defenders of Madrid were painted to commemorate the popular insurrection.....
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3 (number)
The number 3 is a very mystical and spiritual number featured in many folktales (three wishes, three guesses, three little pigs, three bears, three billy goats gruff). In ancient Babylon the three primary gods were Anu, Bel (Baal), and Ea, representing Heaven, Earth, and the Abyss. Similarly, there were three aspects to the Egyptian sun god: Khepri (rising), Re (midday), and Atum (setting). In......
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3 Feet High and Rising (recording by De La Soul)
...group Stetsasonic helped them secure a contract with Tommy Boy Records and produced their landmark debut. Conceptual, densely layered, and replete with quirky interlude skits, 3 Feet High and Rising influenced not only De La Soul’s own self-constructed “family” of alternative rappers (ranging from A Tribe Called Quest to Queen Latifah) but also...
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3 May 1791, Constitution of (Polish history)
...and Austria (Prussia obtained less actual territory, but what it acquired was of great economic value). Polish patriots attempted to bring political stability to their country by drafting the “Constitution of 3 May 1791,” which provided for stronger royal authority, established four-year sessions of the elected Sejm (the Polish diet), abolished the liberum veto in its proceedings....
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3-4 system (telephone system)
In order to help users become accustomed to the universal seven-digit local numbers, the first three digits were associated with the first three letters of a word, and these digits were followed by the last four digits—e.g., BROoklyn 1234. With the growth of the telephone network, this three-letter and four-number local numbering system, which had only 512 possible central-office......
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3-D (motion-picture process)
motion-picture process that gives a three-dimensional quality to film images. It is based on the fact that humans perceive depth by viewing with both eyes. In the 3-D process, two cameras or a twin-lensed camera are used for filming, one representing the left eye and the other the right. The two lenses are spaced about 2 12 inches (6.3 cm) apart, the same as the ...
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3-D radar (radar technology)
...Antennas of this sort are preferred over the parabolic reflector for airborne applications (see the photograph), in land-based air-surveillance radars requiring multiple beams (as in the so-called 3D radars, which measure elevation angle in addition to azimuth and range), and in applications that require ultralow antenna sidelobe radiation....
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3-dimethylsulfonium propanoate (chemical compound)
...active sulfur compounds were sulfonium salts, prepared in 1900. A number of sulfonium salts occur in nature; some examples include S-adenosyl methionine, a key biological source of the methyl group; thetin or 3-dimethylsulfonium propanoate, (CH3)2S+CH2CH2CO2−; and certain (2-hydroxyethyl)dimethylsulfoxonium salt...
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3-methylbenzenol (chemical compound)
any of the three methylphenols with the same molecular formula but having different structures: ortho- (o-) cresol, meta- (m-) cresol, and para- (p-) cresol....
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3-phosphatidyl-glycerol 1-phosphate (chemical compound)
...inositol, or glycerol 1-phosphate—to form CMP and, respectively, phosphatidylserine [85a], phosphatidylinositol [85b], or, in [85c], 3-phosphatidyl-glycerol 1′-phosphate (PGP). These reactions differ from those of polysaccharide biosynthesis ([79], [82]) in that phosphate is retained in the phospholipid, and the nucleotide product (CMP) is therefore a nucleoside......
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3-phosphoglycerate (chemical compound)
...produced in step [6] reacts with ADP in a reaction catalyzed by phosphoglycerate kinase, with the result that one of the two phosphoryl groups is transferred to ADP to form ATP and 3-phosphoglycerate. This reaction [7] is highly exergonic (i.e., it proceeds with a loss of free energy); as a result, the oxidation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, step [6], is irreversible.......
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3-phosphoglyceric acid (chemical compound)
All green plants apparently photosynthesize in the same way, yielding as an immediate product the compound 3-phosphoglyceric acid; the formula, in which P represents phosphorus, is illustrated below....
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3-quinuclidinyl benzilate (chemical compound)
...done on chemicals that can incapacitate, disorient, or paralyze opponents. Experiments have been conducted on a number of hallucinogenic drug compounds—for instance, 3-quinuclidinyl benzilate (BZ), LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), mescaline, and methaqualone—and at one time the U.S. Army fielded BZ weapons. These chemical weapons are designed not to kill; however, even incapacita...
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3.14 (mathematics)
in mathematics, the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. The symbol π was popularized by the Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler in the early 18th century to represent this ratio. Because pi is irrational (not equal to the ratio of any two whole numbers), an approximation, such as 22/7, is often used for everyday calculations; to 31 de...
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30 Coloured Cubes Puzzle (mathematical puzzle)
More widely known perhaps is the 30 Coloured Cubes Puzzle. If six colours are used to paint the faces there result 2,226 different combinations. If from this total only those cubes that bear all six colours on their faces are selected, a set of 30 different cubes is obtained; two cubes are regarded as “different” if they cannot be placed side by side so that all corresponding faces.....
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30 Doradus (astronomy)
immense ionized-hydrogen region in the Large Magellanic Cloud, a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way system (in which the Earth is located). The nebula consists of a cloud of interstellar gas—principally hydrogen—lit from within by young, hot stars that ionize the gas around them. As the atoms in the gas recombine, they emit visible light. The total mass of the nebula is about 1,000,00...
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30 Rock (television program)
...comedy Mean Girls, writing the screenplay and appearing as one of the supporting characters. In 2006 she left Saturday Night Live to produce, write, and star in 30 Rock, a comedy based on her SNL experiences. Fey played Liz Lemon, the uptight head writer of a comedy sketch show. For 30 Rock she, with the other producers, won an Emmy for......
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3001: The Final Odyssey (novel by Clarke)
...comedy Mean Girls, writing the screenplay and appearing as one of the supporting characters. In 2006 she left Saturday Night Live to produce, write, and star in 30 Rock, a comedy based on her SNL experiences. Fey played Liz Lemon, the uptight head writer of a comedy sketch show. For 30 Rock she, with the other producers, won an Emmy for......
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30th Annual Academy Awards (awarded 1958)
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31 Cygni (astronomy)
...that are probably not even approximately in hydrostatic equilibrium. The atmospheres of M-type supergiant stars appear to be slowly expanding outward. Observations of the eclipsing binary 31 Cygni show that the K-type supergiant component has an extremely inhomogeneous, extended atmosphere composed of numerous blobs and filaments. As the secondary member of this system slowly moves......
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3:10 to Yuma (motion picture)
...real-life boxer James J. Braddock, who staged a timely comeback to help his family out of financial hardship during the Great Depression. After portraying an outlaw in the western 3:10 to Yuma (2007), Crowe starred as an honest policeman working in a corrupt department who tries to bring a drug lord (played by Denzel Washington) to justice in American....
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31st Annual Academy Awards (awarded 1959)
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31st March Incident (Ottoman history)
In April 1909, however, an army mutiny in Istanbul (known because of the Julian calendar as the “31st March Incident”) exposed the weakness of the CUP and at the same time gave it a new opportunity. The mutiny resulted from the discontent of ordinary soldiers over their conditions and their neglect by college-trained and politically ambitious officers and from what they regarded as.....
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3200 Phaethon (asteroid)
...formation of planetary systems similar to that of the Sun. Other important findings included various clouds of interstellar gas and dust where new stars are being formed and an object, designated 1983TB, thought to be the parent body for the swarm of meteoroids known as Geminids....
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323 Brucia (asteroid)
...and Kirkwood gaps). The introduction of photography to the search for new asteroids in 1891, by which time 322 asteroids had been identified, accelerated the discovery rate. The asteroid designated (323) Brucia, detected in 1891, was the first to be discovered by means of photography. By the end of the 19th century, 464 had been found; this grew to more than 100,000 by the end of the 20th......
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32nd Annual Academy Awards (awarded 1960)
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33rd Annual Academy Awards (awarded 1961)
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33rd Day of the ʿOmer Counting (Jewish holiday)
a minor Jewish observance falling on the 33rd day in the period of the counting of the ʿomer (“barley sheaves”); on this day semimourning ceases and weddings are allowed. The origin of the festival is obscure. Among many traditions, one has it that manna first fell from heaven on this day; another tradition claims that a plague that raged among the followers of Rabbi Ak...
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33rd U.S. Colored Troops (American military)
...and he supported John Brown both in Kansas (1856) and in his raid on Harpers Ferry, Virginia (1859). During the Civil War Higginson accepted command of the 1st South Carolina Volunteers, later the 33rd U.S. Colored Troops, the first black regiment in the U.S. armed forces. After 1864 he wrote a series of popular biographies and histories and a novel. Higginson discovered and encouraged the......
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3,4, methylenedioxymethamphetamine (drug)
MDMA (3,4, Methylenedioxymethamphetamine), euphoria-inducing stimulant and hallucinogen. The use of Ecstasy, commonly known as “E,” has been widespread despite the drug’s having been banned worldwide in 1985 by its addition to the international Convention on Psychotropic Substances. It is a derivative of the amphetamine ...
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3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid (chemical compound)
substance occurring in many plants, either in the free state or combined as gallotannin. It is present to the extent of 40–60 percent combined as gallotannic acid in tara (any of various plants of the genus Caesalpinia) and in Aleppo and Chinese galls (swellings of plant tissue), from which it is obtained commercially by the action of acids or alkalies. An Aleppo gall has a spherica...
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34th Annual Academy Awards (awarded 1962)
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35-mm camera (photography)
Perforated 35-millimetre (mm) film (originally standard motion-picture film) in cartridges holding 12 to 36 exposures with a nominal picture format of 24 × 36 mm is employed in miniature cameras. Smaller image formats down to 18 × 24 mm (half frame) may be used. The 35-mm camera has a lens with a range of apertures and a shutter with exposure times typically from one second to......
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35-mm miniature camera (photography)
Perforated 35-millimetre (mm) film (originally standard motion-picture film) in cartridges holding 12 to 36 exposures with a nominal picture format of 24 × 36 mm is employed in miniature cameras. Smaller image formats down to 18 × 24 mm (half frame) may be used. The 35-mm camera has a lens with a range of apertures and a shutter with exposure times typically from one second to......
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3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (hormone)
Thyroid hormones include thyroxine and triiodothyronine, which regulate tissue metabolism. Natural desiccated thyroid produced from beef and pork and the synthetic derivatives levothyroxine and liothyronine are used in replacement therapy to treat hypothyroidism that results from any cause....
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3,5,3′,5′-tetraiodothyronine (hormone)
one of the two major hormones secreted by the thyroid gland (the other is triiodothyronine). Thyroxine’s principal function is to stimulate the consumption of oxygen and thus the metabolism of all cells and tissues in the body. Thyroxine is formed by the molecular addition of iodine to the amino acid tyrosine while the latter is bound to the protein thyroglobulin. Excessive secretion of thy...
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35th Annual Academy Awards (awarded 1963)
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36 runoja (work by Anhava)
...(1953; “Poems”) has as its central theme alienation and a search for a transcendence of everyday reality. These motifs are developed in the technically difficult poems of 36 runoja (1958; “36 Poems”). The images in these poems are strongly reminiscent of the Japanese and Chinese poetry Anhava translated during the same period. The simplification and......
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360 (surfing maneuver)
...the board to slip down the face of the wave), “floaters” (“floating” the board along the top of a breaking wave), “reverses” (rapid changes of direction), 360s (turning the board through 360 degrees on the face of the wave), and “airs” (flying above the face of the wave)....
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36th Annual Academy Awards (awarded 1964)
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’37, Generation of (Argentinian intellectual movement)
Alberdi was one of the best-known of the “Generation of ’37,” an intellectual movement of university students who debated politics, social theories, and philosophy. An opponent of the dictator Juan Manuel de Rosas, Alberdi went into exile in 1838, studying law in Uruguay and also living in Chile and in Europe. After the overthrow of Rosas in 1852, Alberdi wrote his major book,...
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3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal (chemical compound)
a pale yellow liquid, with a strong lemon odour, that occurs in the essential oils of plants. It is insoluble in water but soluble in ethanol (ethyl alcohol), diethyl ether, and mineral oil. It is used in perfumes and flavourings and in the manufacture of other chemi...
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37th Annual Academy Awards (awarded 1965)
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38th Annual Academy Awards (awarded 1966)
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38th parallel (geopolitics)
parallel of latitude that in East Asia roughly demarcates North and South Korea. The line was chosen by U.S. military planners at the Potsdam Conference, in July 1945, as an army boundary, north of which the U.S.S.R. was to accept the surrender of the Japanese forces in Korea and south of which the Americans were to accept the Japanese surr...
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39th Annual Academy Awards (awarded 1967)
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3C 273 (astronomy)
...expansion of the universe, these large velocities correspond to large distances. Quasars were more numerous about 10 billion years ago than they are at present. The brightest quasar in the sky is 3C 273, which lies at a distance of 2,000,000,000 light-years from the Earth. Radio interferometry shows that the radio nucleus of 3C 273 is emitting jets of ionized gas that are expanding at nearly......
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3C 48 (astronomy)
An apparently new kind of radio source was discovered in the early 1960s when radio astronomers identified a very small but powerful radio object designated 3C 48 with a stellar optical image. When they obtained the spectrum of the optical object, they found unexpected and at first unexplainable emission lines superimposed on a flat continuum. This object remained a mystery until another......
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3c,2e bond (chemistry)
...an MO treatment of the molecule deals with it as a whole, chemists find it helpful to focus on this novel feature and to consider each B−H−B moiety as an example of a three-centre, two-electron bond (a 3c,2e bond, as shown in Figure 19). They regard diborane as three atoms held together by a pair of electrons delocalized over three atoms but are aware that this......
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3D radar (radar technology)
...Antennas of this sort are preferred over the parabolic reflector for airborne applications (see the photograph), in land-based air-surveillance radars requiring multiple beams (as in the so-called 3D radars, which measure elevation angle in addition to azimuth and range), and in applications that require ultralow antenna sidelobe radiation....
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3HO movement (Sikh religious group)
Another group that requires women to wear turbans is the Sikh Dharma of the Western Hemisphere, founded in the United States in 1971 by Harbhajan Singh, who was always known as Yogi Bhajan. It is commonly known as the 3HO movement (Healthy Happy Holy Organization), though this is, strictly speaking, the name only of its educational branch. Most of its followers are white Americans who lay......
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3M (American corporation)
diversified American corporation manufacturing a wide range of products, including abrasives, adhesive tape and related products, carbonless paper, and computer-synthesized graphics. It is headquartered in St. Paul, Minn....
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3rd Annual Academy Awards (awarded November 5, 1930)
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3rd Dynasty of Ur (Mesopotamian history)
...appeared, the Simash dynasty (Simash may have been in the mountains of southern Lorestān). The outstanding event of this period was the virtual conquest of Elam by Shulgi of the 3rd dynasty of Ur (c. 2094–c. 2047 bc). Eventually the Elamites rose in rebellion and overthrew the 3rd Ur dynasty, an event long remembered in Mesopotamian dirges and omen text...
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3rd of May 1808: The Execution of the Defenders of Madrid, The (work by Goya)
...Goya was pardoned for having served the French king and reinstated as first court painter. The 2nd of May 1808: The Charge of the Mamelukes and The 3rd of May 1808: The Execution of the Defenders of Madrid were painted to commemorate the popular insurrection in Madrid. Like The Disasters, they are compositions......
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4 (number)
The number of order in the universe is 4—the four elements of earth, air, fire, and water; the four seasons; the four points of the compass; the four phases of the Moon (new, half-moon waxing, full, half-moon waning). The Four Noble Truths epitomize Buddhism. To the Pythagoreans 4 was the source of the tetractys 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 10, the...
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4 Little Girls (film by Lee)
...what he perceived as Hollywood’s antiblack bias, noting that, while Do the Right Thing, Malcolm X, and his poignant documentary 4 Little Girls (1997) all received Academy Award nominations, he was repeatedly denied an Oscar win....
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4-allyl-2-methoxybenzaldehyde (chemical compound)
...12 to 34 inch (13 to 19 mm). They contain 14 to 20 percent essential oil, the principal component of which is the aromatic oil eugenol. Cloves are strongly pungent owing to eugenol, which is extracted by distillation to yield oil of cloves. This oil is used to prepare microscopic slides for viewing and is also a local......
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4-aminopyridine (chemistry)
...paralysis by blocking acetylcholine release (see the section Autonomic nervous system drugs). There are a few drugs that facilitate acetylcholine release, including tetraethylammonium and 4-aminopyridine. They work by blocking potassium-selective channels in the nerve membrane, thereby prolonging the electrical impulse in the nerve terminal and increasing the amount of acetylcholine......
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4-carboxy-1,2-dithiolane (chemical compound)
...agent than a six-membered cyclic disulfide, such as 1,2-dithiane, would be. At the same time, in the reduced dithiol form, the thiol groups are in sufficient proximity to facilitate reoxidation. Asparagusic acid (4-carboxy-1,2-dithiolane), found in asparagus roots, is considered to be a major factor in the natural resistance (i.e., survival in the soil) of this plant;......
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4-H Club (American organization)
one of an organization of clubs for youth aged 10 to 21 who engage in programs of “learning by doing.” The clubs are found principally in the United States and Canada, though some 80 other nations have adopted the idea. The 4-H Club emblem is the four-leaf clover with the letter H on each leaf; the club colours are green and white. The name 4-H is suggested in the pledge:...
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4-hexylresorcinol (chemical compound)
...used in combination with other antiseptic agents. The phenols contain a large number of common antiseptics and disinfectants, among them phenol (carbolic acid) and creosote, while such bisphenols as hexyl resorcinol and hexachlorophene are widely used as antiseptic agents in soaps. Chlorine and iodine are both extremely effective agents and can be used in high dilution. Chlorine is widely used....
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4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzaldehyde (biochemistry)
...contains five fused benzene rings. Like several other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, it is carcinogenic. Aromatic compounds are widely distributed in nature. Benzaldehyde, anisole, and vanillin, for example, have pleasant aromas....
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4-hydroxypyrazalopyrimidine (chemical compound)
drug used in the treatment of gout, a disease that is characterized by severe inflammation in one or more of the joints of the extremities. Allopurinol inhibits an enzyme that is necessary to form uric acid, a substance present in abnormally large amounts in the blood of persons with gout that forms solid deposits in the joints, the kidneys, and other tissues....
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4-isopropyl-1,6-dimethylnaphthalene (chemical compound)
...an even greater complexity of structure than the monoterpenes, and oxygenated sesquiterpenes are commonly encountered. Two arrangements of isoprene units are found in bicyclic sesquiterpenes, the cadalene and the eudalene types, and the carbon skeleton of a sesquiterpene may frequently be determined by heating it with sulfur or selenium to effect dehydrogenation to the corresponding......
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