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date (fruit)
...spikes branch from the axils of leaves that emerged the previous year. Male and female flowers are borne on separate plants. Under cultivation the female flowers are artificially pollinated. The date is a one-seeded fruit, or berry, usually oblong but varying much in shape, size, colour, quality, and consistency of flesh, according to the conditions of culture. More than 1,000 dates may......
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date (chronology)
A (genuine) date is a time specification that is chronologically stable (such as “Jan. 1, 3000,” or “the day of Lincoln’s assassination”); a pseudodate is a time specification that is chronologically unstable (such as “today” or “six weeks ago”). These lead to very different results depending on the nature of the fundamental reference....
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Date Line
imaginary line extending between the North Pole and the South Pole and arbitrarily demarcating each calendar day from the next. It corresponds along most of its length to the 180th meridian of longitude but deviates eastward through the Bering Strait to avoid dividing Siberia and then deviates westward to include the Aleutian Islands with Alaska. South of the Equator, another eastward deviation al...
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date list (Babylonian chronology)
...not by regnal years but by the names of the years. Each year had an individual name, usually from an important event that had taken place in the preceding year. The lists of these names, called year lists or date lists, constitute as reliable a source in Babylonian chronology as the eponym lists do in Assyrian chronology. One of the events which almost invariably gave a name to the......
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date mussel (mollusk)
...in the sea. Piddocks (family Pholadidae) bore into concrete jetties (particularly where the source of obtained lime is coral), timber, and plastics. Shipworms (family Teredinidae) bore softer woods. Date mussels (Lithophaga) bore into rocks and corals. Marine mussels (family Mytilidae) foul ships, buoys, and wharves; they may also block seawater intakes into the cooling systems of power....
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date palm (plant)
(Phoenix dactylifera), tree of the palm family (Arecaceae, or Palmae), found in the Canary Islands, northern Africa, the Middle East, Pakistan, India, and the U.S. state of California. The date palm grows about 23 metres (75 feet) tall. Its stem, strongly marked with the pruned stubs of old leaf bases, terminates in a crown of graceful, shining, pinnate leaves about 5 m...
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Dathenus, Petrus (Flemish preacher)
Supported by Francis van de Kuthulle, lord of Ryhove, and the leading Calvinist preacher, Petrus Dathenus, Hembyze led some 2,000 troops and Calvinist townspeople in battle against their Catholic neighbours on Oct. 28, 1577. He arrested Philip de Croy, duke of Aerschot, the stadholder of Flanders, as well as Ghent’s several Catholic magistrates, and replaced them with 18 Calvinists, with......
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Datia (India)
city, north-central Madhya Pradesh state, central India. It takes its name from Dantavakra, a mythological demon ruler of the area. The city is a major road and rail junction and conducts a heavy trade in grain and cotton goods. Sorghum, corn (maize), wheat, and legumes are the chief crops grown in the region. Surrounded by a stone wall, Datia was the capital of the former Datia princely state an...
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Datil (plateau, United States)
...New Mexico, and small parts of Utah and Colorado. The Grand Canyon section consists of the Grand Canyon and the 7,000–9,000-foot (2,134–2,743-metre) block plateaus around it. The Datil section is in the province’s southeast, in Arizona and New Mexico. It is a land of mesas and valleys and is distinguished by its volcanic features, including lava flows and volcanic necks....
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datim leumim (religious movement)
Despite the hostility of most Orthodox rabbis, Zionism aroused considerable enthusiasm among many Orthodox Jews who saw in it the promise of the long-awaited messianic redemption. Some Orthodox rabbis, therefore, sought to legitimate Orthodox participation in the Zionist movement. Rabbi Yitzḥaq Yaʿaqov Reines (1839–1915), founder of the Mizraḥi religious Zionist......
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dating (courtship)
In societies in which individuals choose their own mates, dating is the most typical way for people to meet and become acquainted with prospective partners. Successful dating may result in courtship, which then usually leads to marriage....
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dating (geochronology)
in geology, determining a chronology or calendar of events in the history of the Earth, using to a large degree the evidence of organic evolution in the sedimentary rocks accumulated through geologic time in marine and continental environments. To date past events, processes, formations, and fossil organisms, geologists employ a variety of techniques. These include some that establish a relative c...
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Datini, Francesco (Italian merchant and banker)
Italian international merchant and banker whose business and private papers, preserved in Prato, constitute one of the most important archives of the economic history of the Middle Ages....
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Datini, Francesco di Marco da Prato (Italian merchant and banker)
Italian international merchant and banker whose business and private papers, preserved in Prato, constitute one of the most important archives of the economic history of the Middle Ages....
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Datis (Median general)
...was given charge of an expedition against Athens and Eretria, but the loss of his fleet in a storm off Mount Athos (492 bc) forced him to abandon the operation. In 490 bc another force under Datis, a Mede, destroyed Eretria and enslaved its inhabitants but was defeated by the Athenians at Marathon. Preparations for a third expedition were delayed by an insurrection i...
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Datisca (plant genus)
Members of Datiscaceae are perennial herbs. There is one genus, Datisca, with two species, one growing in western North America and the other growing from Crete to India. The leaves are deeply divided to pinnately compound. The flowers are of two sexes; there are no petals; and the styles are borne toward the margin of the inferior ovary rather than on the centre, and the ovules are......
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Datisca cannabina (plant)
family of the squash order (Cucurbitales) of flowering plants, with one genus. Datisca cannabina, which is found from the Mediterranean eastward to Central Asia, is a hemplike plant, 2 metres (7 feet) high, that has leaves with three to seven alternate, toothed leaflets. The female plants have sprays of yellow flowers, and a yellow dye is derived from the roots. Durango root (D.......
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Datisca glomerata (plant)
...hemplike plant, 2 metres (7 feet) high, that has leaves with three to seven alternate, toothed leaflets. The female plants have sprays of yellow flowers, and a yellow dye is derived from the roots. Durango root (D. glomerata), native in coastal ranges of southwestern North America, grows to 1.25 metres (4 feet) tall and has deeply cut leaflets and inconspicuous flowers....
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Datiscaceae (plant family)
family of the squash order (Cucurbitales) of flowering plants, with one genus. Datisca cannabina, which is found from the Mediterranean eastward to Central Asia, is a hemplike plant, 2 metres (7 feet) high, that has leaves with three to seven alternate, toothed leaflets. The female plants have sprays of yellow flowers, and a yellow dye is derived from the roots. Durango root (D. glomerat...
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Datisi (syllogistic)
Third figure:Darapti, Disamis, Datisi, Felapton,...
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dative case (grammar)
...nouns and verbs. It was close typologically to Greek, though the shapes of words were very, even surprisingly, different. The nominal and pronominal declension had seven cases: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, ablative, instrumental, and locative. However, many of these forms overlapped so that usually only three or four different forms existed; e.g., žam......
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dative covalent bond (chemistry)
...an adduct in which the two species are joined by a covalent bond; proton transfers are not normally involved. If both the Lewis acid and base are uncharged, the resulting bond is termed semipolar or coordinate, as in the reaction of boron trifluoride with ammonia:...
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Datnioides (fish genus)
any of four species of fishes constituting the family Lobotidae (order Perciformes). The family contains two genera (Lobotes and Datnioides), with members of the first genus found in tropical or warm temperate marine waters and those of the second found in brackish or freshwater environments. The name tripletail refers specifically to Lobotes surinamensis, the largest......
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Dato Iradier, Eduardo (premier of Spain)
Spanish statesman, leader of the Conservative Party from 1913 to 1921, and three-time premier. He instituted various reforms but proved unable to deal effectively with unrest or to heal the divisions within his party....
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datolite (mineral)
an uncommon mineral, calcium borosilicate, CaBSiO4(OH), that occurs as white or colourless veins and cavity linings in basic igneous rocks and in metallic-ore veins. Some notable deposits exist in the United States: Westfield, Mass.; Bergen Hill, N.J.; and the Lake Superior copper district. Others have been found in Norway, various places in Italy, and Tasmania. For detailed physical p...
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Datong (China)
city, northern Shanxi sheng (province), northern China. The city is situated at the northern limits of traditional Chinese settlement, just south of the Great Wall on a fertile plain watered by the Sanggan River and its tributaries. Pop. (2002 est.) city, 1,028,730; (2007 est.) urban agglom., 1,873,000...
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Datong, Lake (water works, China)
...(built in 1954–56) has floodgates through which the Yangtze can be diverted in time of need. The basin is kept empty and its floor under cultivation, except during the flood season. Called Lake Datong, it is regulated by a great barrage (dam) across the Taiping Stream entrance to Dongting Lake. Between the 1930s and the 1950s, much of the land along the lake banks and inside the dikes......
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“Datongshu” (work by Kang Youwei)
...instigated by the reformers in 1900 in Anhui and Hubei provinces to restore the emperor, Kang resumed his writing in exile. His most significant work completed at this time was The Great Commonwealth (Datongshu), in which he envisaged a utopian world attainable through successive stages of human development, a world where the barriers of......
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Datsun (Japanese company)
Japanese industrial corporation that manufactures automobiles, trucks, and buses under the names Nissan and Datsun. The company also designs and manufactures such products as communications satellites, pleasure boats, and machinery. Headquarters are in Tokyo....
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Datta, Michael Madhusudan (Indian author)
poet and dramatist, the first great poet of modern Bengali literature....
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Datta, Narendranath (Hindu leader)
Hindu spiritual leader and reformer who attempted to combine Indian spirituality with Western material progress, maintaining that the two supplemented and complemented one another. His Absolute was man’s own higher self; to labour for the benefit of mankind was the noblest endeavour....
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Datta, Sudhindranath (Indian poet)
...poet who has much influence on younger writers in Bengal. There have been many other poets in the 20th century who are equally powerful but stand somewhat apart from the mainstream. One of these was Sudhindranath Datta, a poet much like Pound in careful and etymological use of language; another is the poet and prose writer Buddhadeva Bose....
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Dattassa (Turkey)
During his protracted military operations in Syria, Muwatallis transferred his capital from Hattusas (Boğazköy in modern Turkey) to the more southerly city of Dattassa. In the meantime, his brother Hattusilis III fought with the Kaska in the north (the only troublesome Hittite satellite during Muwatallis’ reign) and was installed as viceroy of the “Upper Country”...
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datu (Filipino chieftain)
...and social organization linked to a fixed territory. The lowland peoples lived in extended kinship groups known as barangays, each under the leadership of a datu, or chieftain. The barangay, which ordinarily numbered no more than a few hundred individuals, was usually the largest stable economic and political unit....
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Datuk Hussein Bin Onn (prime minister of Malaysia)
Malaysian politician and prime minister (1976–81) of a multiracial coalition government....
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datum (surveying)
...surface, connected by precise leveling constitute the vertical controls of surveying. The elevations of bench marks are given in terms of their heights above a selected level surface called a datum. In large-level surveys the usual datum is the geoid. The elevation taken as zero for the reference datum is the height of mean sea level determined by a series of observations at various......
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datum per manus (diplomatics)
...the drawing up of the document; this was given with the date of issue, indicated by month and indiction, immediately following the subject matter of the document. There followed another clause, the great dating formula, datum per manus (“given by the hand of . . .”), naming a high chancery official and giving the date by reference to the regnal years of both emperor and pop...
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Datura (plant genus)
genus of plants of the potato family Solanaceae (order Solanales), several species of which are collected for use as drugs and others of which are cultivated for their large, trumpet-shaped, fragrant flowers....
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Datura innoxia (plant)
...weeds in warm parts of the world. Of special interest are the thornapple, or jimsonweed (D. stramonium), the source of stramonium, a crude drug with narcotic and hypnotic effects; and D. innoxia and others, which have long been used by various peoples, including Mexican Indians, in their religious ceremonies....
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Datura stramonium (plant)
annual, herbaceous, tropical plant (Datura stramonium) of the potato family (Solanaceae) that has become an introduced weed throughout much of the Northern Hemisphere. The plant was used by Algonquin Indians in eastern North America as a hallucinogen and intoxicant. The leaves contain potent alkaloids (hyoscamine and hyoscine), and the plant has been used to develop a drug (stramon...
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daub and wattle (architecture)
in building construction, method of constructing walls in which vertical wooden stakes, or wattles, are woven with horizontal twigs and branches, and then daubed with clay or mud. This method is one of the oldest known for making a weatherproof structure. In England, Iron Age sites have been discovered with remains of circular dwellings constructed in this way, the staves being driven into the ea...
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Daubenton, Louis-Jean-Marie (French naturalist)
French naturalist who was a pioneer in the fields of comparative anatomy and paleontology....
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Daubentonia madagascariensis (primate)
rare squirrel-like primate of Madagascar, the sole living representative of the family Daubentoniidae. Nocturnal, solitary, and arboreal, most aye-ayes live in rainforests, but some have been discovered more recently in the dry forests of western Madagascar....
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Daubentoniidae (primate family)
...and the Eocene to Middle Miocene family Sivaladapidae.Infraorder Chiromyiformes1 family.Family Daubentoniidae (aye-ayes)1 genus, 2 species, one recently extinct, perhaps the past 500 years, from Madagascar.......
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Dauber (poem by Masefield)
Other of Masefield’s long narrative poems are Dauber (1913), which concerns the eternal struggle of the visionary against ignorance and materialism, and Reynard the Fox (1919), which deals with many aspects of rural life in England. He also wrote novels of adventure—Sard Harker (1924), Odtaa (1926), and Basilissa (1940)—sketches, and works fo...
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Dauberval, Jean (French dancer)
French ballet dancer, teacher, and choreographer often credited with establishing the comic ballet as a genre....
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Daubigny, Charles-François (French painter)
French painter whose landscapes introduced into the naturalism of the mid-19th century an overriding concern for the accurate analysis and depiction of natural light through the use of colour, greatly influencing the Impressionist painters of the late 19th century....
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Däubler, Theodor (German-language poet)
German-language poet whose extraordinary vitality, poetic vision, and optimism contrast sharply with the despair expressed by many writers of his time....
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Daubrée, Gabriel-Auguste (French geochemist)
French geochemist and a pioneer in the application of experimental methods to the study of diverse geologic phenomena....
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Daubrun, Marie (French actress)
...addressed a number of poems to Apollonie Sabatier, celebrating her, despite her reputation as a high-class courtesan, as his madonna and muse, and in 1854 he had a brief liaison with the actress Marie Daubrun. In the meantime Baudelaire’s growing reputation as Poe’s translator and as an art critic at last enabled him to publish some of his poems. In June 1855 the ......
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Daucus carota (plant)
(Daucus carota), herbaceous, generally biennial plant of the Apiaceae family that produces an edible taproot. Among common varieties root shapes range from globular to long, with lower ends blunt to long-pointed. Besides the orange-coloured roots, white-, yellow-, and purple-fleshed varieties are known....
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Dāʾūd (Bahmanī noble)
...for the kingdom. His legacy was soon disturbed, however, when his son and successor, ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn Mujāhid (reigned 1375–78), was assassinated by his cousin Dāʾūd while returning from a campaign in Vijayanagar. Dāʾūd was in turn murdered by ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn’s partisans, who then set...
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Dāʾūd ibn Salamah (Islamic artisan)
...scenes, animals, and musicians within medallions. Mosul metalworkers also created pieces for eastern Christians. A candlestick of this variety (1238; Museum of Decorative Arts, Paris), attributed to Dāʾūd ibn Salamah of Mosul, is bronze with silver inlay. It displays the familiar medallions but is also engraved with scenes showing Christ as a child. Rows of standing figures...
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Dāʾūd, Ibrāhīm ʿAbd al-Raḥman al- (Iraqi leader)
Four officers agreed to cooperate with the Baʿth Party. These were Colonel ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Nāyif, head of military intelligence, Colonel Ibrāhīm ʿAbd al-Raḥman al-Dāʾūd, chief of the Republican Guard, Colonel Saʿdūn Ghaydān, and Colonel Hammād Shihāb. The first two agreed to cooperate ...
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Dāʾūd Khān (sultan of Bengal)
(March 3, 1575), conflict between the forces of the Indian Mughal emperor Akbar under Munʿīm Khān and Dāʾūd Khān, the Afghan sultan of Bengal. The battle, which took place at a village between Midnapore and Jalesar in western Bengal, was decisive in scattering the Bengali army. The conquest of Bengal, which had been independent from Delhi since abou...
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Daud Khan, Mohammad (prime minister of Afghanistan)
Afghan politician who overthrew the monarchy of Mohammad Zahir Shah in 1973 to establish Afghanistan as a republic. He served as the country’s president from 1973 to 1978....
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Daudet, Alphonse (French author)
French short-story writer and novelist, now remembered chiefly as the author of sentimental tales of provincial life in the south of France....
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Daudet, Alphonse-Marie-Léon (French journalist and author)
French journalist and novelist, the most virulent and bitterly satirical polemicist of his generation in France, whose literary reputation rests largely upon his journalistic work and his vivid memoirs....
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Daudet, Léon (French journalist and author)
French journalist and novelist, the most virulent and bitterly satirical polemicist of his generation in France, whose literary reputation rests largely upon his journalistic work and his vivid memoirs....
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Dauferi (pope)
pope from 1086 to 1087....
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Daugava (river, Europe)
major river of Latvia and northern Belarus. It rises in the Valdai Hills and flows 632 miles (1,020 km) in a great arc south and southwest through Russia and Belarus and then turns northwest prior to crossing Latvia. It discharges into the Gulf of Riga on the Baltic Sea. Its tributaries include the Mezha, Kasplya, Ula, and Dzisna entering from the left and the Toropa, Drysa, Aiviekste (with its tr...
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Daugavpils (Latvia)
city, southeastern Latvia. It lies along the Western Dvina (Daugava) River. In the 1270s the Brothers of the Sword, a branch of the Teutonic Knights, founded the fortress of Dünaburg, 12 miles (19 km) above the modern site. The fortress and adjoining town were destroyed, and then refounded on the present location, by Ivan IV the Terrible during the Livonian wars in the 15...
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Dauger, Eustache (French valet)
...Iron Mask); in 1883 Molière, imprisoned by the Jesuits in revenge for Tartuffe. Of the dozen or more hypotheses, only two have proven tenable: those for Ercole Matthioli and for Eustache Dauger....
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Daugherty, Harry Micajah (American lawyer and political manager)
American lawyer and political manager for Warren G. Harding who was accused of corruption during his tenure as Harding’s attorney general (1921–24)....
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Daugherty, Marie (American quilter)
American quilt designer and historian, author of the first book entirely devoted to American quilts....
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Daughter Buffalo (work by Frame)
...Adaptable Man (1965), A State of Siege (1966), The Rainbirds (1968), Intensive Care (1970), Daughter Buffalo (1972), Living in the Maniototo (1979), and The Carpathians (1988)....
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daughter cell (meiosis)
After a cell in an apical meristem has divided mitotically, one of the two resulting daughter cells remains in the meristem as an initial cell, and the other cell is displaced into the plant body as a derivative cell. The displaced derivative cell may divide several times as it differentiates (changes in structure and physiology) from a meristemic cell into a mature cell, but only initial cells......
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daughter isotope (chemistry)
...which detects the number of high-energy particles emitted by the disintegration of radioactive atoms in a sample of geologic material, or (2) a mass spectrometer, which permits the identification of daughter atoms formed by the decay process in a sample containing radioactive parent atoms. The particles given off during the decay process are part of a profound fundamental change in the nucleus....
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daughter nucleus (physics)
...an unstable atomic nucleus decays into a more stable nucleus (see radioactivity), the “daughter” nucleus is sometimes produced in an excited state. The subsequent relaxation of the daughter nucleus to a lower-energy state results in the emission of a gamma-ray photon. Gamma-ray spectroscopy, involving the precise measurement of gamma-ray photon energies emitted by different...
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Daughter of Fortune (novel by Allende)
Allende followed those works of fiction with the novels Hija de la fortuna (1999; Daughter of Fortune), about a Chilean woman who leaves her country for the California gold rush of 1848–49, and Retrato en sepia (2000; Portrait in Sepia), about a woman tracing the roots of her past. ......
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Daughter of Jorio, The (work by D’Annunzio)
...off the relationship and exposed their intimacy in the erotic novel Il fuoco (1900; The Flame of Life). D’Annunzio’s greatest play was La figlia di Iorio (performed 1904; The Daughter of Jorio), a powerful poetic drama of the fears and superstitions of Abruzzi peasants....
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Daughter of Smyrna, The (work by Edib Adıvar)
...Halide Edib and her husband joined the Turkish nationalists and played a vital role in the Turkish War of Liberation in Anatolia. Her most famous novel, Ateşten gömlek (1922; The Daughter of Smyrna), is the story of a young woman who works for the liberation of her country and of the two men who love her. From 1925 to 1938 Halide Edib traveled extensively, lecturing....
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Daughter of the Regiment, The (opera by Donizetti)
...was produced in 1840 as Les Martyrs with a French text by Eugène Scribe. It was preceded two months earlier by the opéra comique La fille du régiment (The Daughter of the Regiment), which gained enormous popularity over the years through the performances of the leading sopranos of the day, including Jenny Lind, Adelina Patti, Marcella Sembrich,......
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Daughter of the Vine, A (work by Atherton)
...Redwoods; based on a local society scandal, its serial publication in the San Francisco Argonaut in 1882, though unsigned, outraged the family. (The novel was published in book form as A Daughter of the Vine in 1899.) The death of her husband in 1887 released her, and she promptly traveled to New York City and thence in 1895 to England and continental Europe. In rapid......
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Daughters (novel by Marshall)
...1983 novel that established her reputation as a major writer. Its protagonist, Avatara (Avey) Johnson, an acculturated middle-class woman, undergoes a spiritual rebirth on the island of Grenada. Daughters (1991) concerned a West Indian woman in New York who returns home to assist her father’s reelection campaign. The protagonist, like those of Marshall’s other works, has an...
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Daughters of Bilitis (American organization)
...Society (its name reputedly derived from a medieval French society of masked players, Société Mattachine, to represent the public “masking” of homosexuality), while the Daughters of Bilitis (named after the Sapphic love poems of Pierre Louÿs, Chansons de Bilitis), founded by Phyllis Lyon and Del Martin in San Francisco in 1955, was a leading group for women....
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Daughters of Charity (religious congregation)
a Roman Catholic religious congregation founded at Paris in 1633 by St. Vincent de Paul and St. Louise de Marillac. The congregation was a radical innovation by 17th-century standards; it was the first noncloistered religious institute of women devoted to active charitable works, especially in the service of the poor. Vincent originally established in Paris an...
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Daughters of Mary, Institute of the (Roman Catholic congregation, France)
...Bordeaux, Fr., in 1817. The Marianists, including the Brothers of Mary, developed from the sodality (a devotional association of the laity) of the Blessed Mother organized in 1800 by Chaminade. The Institute of the Daughters of Mary, or Marianist Sisters, was also a product of this sodality. The male congregation, which is spread throughout western Europe, the Americas, Asia, Africa, and......
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Daughters of Our Lady Help of Christians (religious order)
The Salesian Sisters (formally, the Daughters of Mary Help of Christians; F.M.A.) are one of the largest Roman Catholic religious congregations of women, founded in 1872 at Mornese, Italy, by St. John Bosco and St. Mary Mazzarello. Like their male counterparts, the sisters followed Don Bosco’s norms for education: reason, religion, and amiability and the employment of all that is humanly us...
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Daughters of Revolution (painting by Wood)
Wood became one of the leading figures of the Regionalist movement. Another well-known painting by him is “Daughters of Revolution” (1932), a satirical portrait of three unattractive old women who appear smugly satisfied with their American Revolutionary ancestry. In 1934 Wood was made assistant professor of fine arts at the University of Iowa, Iowa City. Among his other principal......
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Daughters of the American Revolution (American organization)
patriotic society organized October 11, 1890, and chartered by Congress December 2, 1896. Membership is limited to direct lineal descendants of soldiers or others of the Revolutionary period who aided the cause of independence; applicants must have reached 18 years of age and must be “personally acceptable” to the society. In the late 20th century the society’s membership tota...
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Daughters of the Confederacy, United (American organization)
American women’s patriotic society, founded in Nashville, Tenn., on Sept. 10, 1894, that draws its members from descendants of those who served in the Confederacy’s armed forces or government or who gave to either their loyal and substantial private support. Its chief purpose is broadly commemorative and historical: to preserve and mark sites; to gather historical records and other m...
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Dauk Ket (Lao writer)
...social values. Major writers in Vientiane during this period include three children of Maha Sila Viravong, an important scholar of traditional Lao literature, history, and culture: Pakian Viravong, Duangdeuan Viravong, and Dara Viravong (pseudonyms Pa Nai, Dauk Ket, and Duang Champa, respectively). An equally important writer was Outhine Bounyavong, Maha Sila Viravong’s son-in-law, who r...
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Daukantas, Simanas (Lithuanian historian)
historian who was the first to write a history of Lithuania in Lithuanian and a pioneer of the Lithuanian national renaissance....
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Daulat (Indian painter)
an important Mughal painter who worked during the reigns of both the emperors Akbar and Jahāngīr and painted under Shāh Jahān as well....
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Daulat Rāo Sindhia (Marāṭhā leader)
...emperor Shāh ʿAlām under his protection, and finally won control of the peshwa by defeating the Marāthā Holkar, the peshwa’s chief general, in 1793. His grandnephew, Daulat Rāo, however, suffered serious reverses. He came into conflict with the British in 1803. After being defeated in four battles by General Gerard Lake, he was obliged to disband...
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Daulatabad (India)
village and ancient city, Mahārāshtra state, western India. Founded in the late 12th century by King Bhillam of the Yādava dynasty, it was a major fortress and administrative centre in medieval times. The fortress, located in and around a large rock outcropping, was so impregnable that it was never taken by force, although it was taken by intrigue. The city ...
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Daumas, François (French missionary)
...stream to its confluence with the Orange, which he explored as far as the Augrabies Falls. The source of the Orange was first reached by the French Protestant missionaries Thomas Arbousset and François Daumas in 1836....
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Daume, Willi (German sports administrator)
German sports administrator who, as president of the West German Olympic Committee, played a key role in returning the Olympic Games to Germany after an interval of 36 years; those Games, however, which were held in Munich in 1972, were marred by the murder of 11 Israeli athletes by Arab terrorists (b. May 24, 1913--d. May 20, 1996)....
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Daumier, Honoré (French artist)
prolific French caricaturist, painter, and sculptor especially renowned for his cartoons and drawings satirizing 19th-century French politics and society. His paintings, though hardly known during his lifetime, helped introduce techniques of Impressionism into modern art....
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Daumier, Honoré-Victorin (French artist)
prolific French caricaturist, painter, and sculptor especially renowned for his cartoons and drawings satirizing 19th-century French politics and society. His paintings, though hardly known during his lifetime, helped introduce techniques of Impressionism into modern art....
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Daumont, Simon François (French explorer)
...and industry. He also pressed the exploration of the far west. Louis Jolliet explored the Mississippi until he was sure it flowed into the Gulf of Mexico, not into the Pacific Ocean. In 1671 Simon François d’Aumont (or Daumont, sieur de St. Lusson) at Sault Ste. Marie took possession of all the interior of the North American continent for France as an extension of New France....
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Daun, Leopold Joseph, Graf von (Austrian general)
field marshal who was the Austrian commander in chief during the Seven Years’ War against Prussia (1756–63)....
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daunorubicin (drug)
Antineoplastic antibiotics (doxorubicin, daunorubicin, bleomycin, mitomycin, and dactinomycin) are derived from Streptomyces species. While they may have antibacterial activity, they are generally too dangerous and toxic for that use. These antibiotics affect DNA synthesis and replication by inserting into DNA or by donating electrons which result in the production of highly......
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Daunou, Pierre-Claude-François (French statesman)
French statesman, theorist of liberalism, and historian....
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Dauphin (Manitoba, Canada)
town, southwestern Manitoba, Canada. It lies along the Vermilion River just west of Dauphin Lake, 201 miles (323 km) by road northwest of Winnipeg. The French trader and explorer La Vérendrye visited the lake in 1739 and named it for the dauphin of France. One of the two settlements that developed in the area after 1882 took the same name. The settlements, Dauphin and Gartmore, merged in 18...
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Dauphin (county, Pennsylvania, United States)
county, central Pennsylvania, U.S., bounded to the north by Mahantango Creek, to the west by the Susquehanna River, and to the south by Conewago Creek. The topography rises from a piedmont region in the south to ridge-and-valley mountains in the north. Other waterways include DeHart Reservoir and the Juniata River, as well as Wiconisco, Clark, Powell, Stony, a...
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dauphin (French political history)
title of the eldest son of a king of France, the heir apparent to the French crown, from 1350 to 1830. The title was established by the royal house of France through the purchase of lands known as the Dauphiné in 1349 by the future Charles V....
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Dauphin Island (island, Alabama, United States)
island in the Gulf of Mexico, at the entrance to Mobile Bay off the southwest coast of Alabama, U.S., about 30 miles (50 km) south of Mobile. Included in Mobile county, the island is about 15 miles (25 km) long....
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Dauphiné (historical region, France)
historic and cultural region encompassing the southeastern French départements of Isère, Hautes-Alpes, and Drôme and coextensive with the former province of Dauphiné....
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