Skip this Advertisement

A-Z Browse

  • Haerbin (China)
    city, capital of Heilongjiang sheng (province), northeastern China. It is located on the south bank of the Sungari (Songhua) River. The site of the city is generally level to undulating, except near the river itself, where low bluffs lead down to the floodplain in places; low-lying areas are subject to flooding. The clim...
  • “Hærværk” (work by Kristensen)
    ...of poetry, Den sidste lygte (1954; “The Last Lantern”), is meditative and philosophical. Hærværk (1930; Havoc), his best-known novel, is a brilliant examination of disillusionment and identity. As it probes the consciousness and conscience of its characters, it also gives an account of the......
  • Haetzer, Ludwig (Swiss Anabaptist)
    Anabaptist, iconoclast, and Reformer....
  • Hafblik (work by Benediktsson)
    ...spent abroad, raising capital to develop Icelandic industries. His five volumes of Symbolist verse—Sögur og kvaedi (1897; “Stories and Poems”), Hafblik (1906; “Smooth Seas”), Hrannir (1913; “Waves”), Vogar (1921; “Billows”), ......
  • Ḥāfeẓ (Persian author)
    one of the finest lyric poets of Persia....
  • Hafez, Abdel Halim (Egyptian singer)
    Egyptian singer who was noted for his emotional renditions of romantic and nationalistic songs....
  • Haff (lagoon)
    ...of long shingle bars (Nehrungen), capped by moving sand dunes, has been built up there, cutting off the distinctive shallow lagoons (Haffs) from the open sea. Examples are the west-east spit of Darsser-Ort, on the island of Rügen, and the link (near Świnoujście, Pol.) between the islands of Usedom.....
  • Haffner (serenade by Mozart)
    ...range of styles (fugues, choruses of considerable dramatic force, florid arias, and a plainchant setting). The instrumental works included divertimentos, concertos, and serenades, notably the Haffner (K 250), which in its use of instruments and its richness of working carried the serenade style into the symphonic without prejudicing its traditional warmth and high spirits. The five......
  • Ḥāfiz (Persian author)
    one of the finest lyric poets of Persia....
  • Ḥāfiẓ, ʿAbd al-Ḥalīm (Egyptian singer)
    Egyptian singer who was noted for his emotional renditions of romantic and nationalistic songs....
  • Ḥāfiẓ Ibrāhīm, Muḥammad (Egyptian poet)
    Egyptian poet known as the “poet of the Nile.”...
  • Ḥāfiz Raḥmāt Khān (Indian leader)
    ...Sugar processing is the largest industry, and there is an active trade in agricultural products, both locally and with Nepal. On the town’s western outskirts is a large 18th-century mosque built by Ḥāfiz Raḥmāt Khān, the town’s founder....
  • Ḥāfiẓ-i Abrū (Persian historian)
    Persian historian, and one of the most important historians of the Timurid period (1370–1506)....
  • hafiza (dance)
    ...were suppressed, being contrary to a strict interpretation of the Qurʾān. These arts survived only in folk forms and were performed principally at marriage ceremonies. The popular hafiza dance performed by Kashmiri women at weddings and festivals to the accompaniment of sufiana kalam (devotional music of the Muslim mystics known as Ṣūfīs) was......
  • Ḥaflat samar min ajl al-khāmis min Ḥuzayrān (play by Wannūs)
    ...of works that made important contributions to the development of experimental theatre in the Arab world. Staged in the aftermath of the Arab-Israeli Six-Day War of June 1967, Ḥaflat samar min ajl al-khāmis min Ḥuzayrān (1968; “Soirée for the 5th of June”) was a devastating commentary on the Arab defeat and on the Arab......
  • Haflinger (breed of horse)
    Originating in the South Tyrol, the Haflinger is a mountain pony, enduring, robust, and versatile, used for all farm labour, for pulling a carriage or sledge (see photograph), and for pack hauling. It is chestnut with a flaxen mane and tail....
  • Hafnarfjördhur (Iceland)
    town, southwestern Iceland, on the southwestern shore of Faxa Bay. In the 20th century it became a southern suburb of Reykjavík, the capital of Iceland. A fishing community built on an extensive lava field, it grew rapidly in the late 20th century as a result of the expansion of the capital. The town has a sanatorium as well as one of the island’s first technical h...
  • Hafner ware (pottery)
    glazed earthenware made in Germany as early as 1350, originally as stove tiles molded in relief. The name Hafnergeschirr (“stove-maker vessel”) came to be applied to other pottery objects, usually melon-shaped or ovoid mugs or jugs, manufactured by the stove makers in the 16th century. The earliest stove tiles had a green lead glaze. By 1...
  • Hafnergeschirr (pottery)
    glazed earthenware made in Germany as early as 1350, originally as stove tiles molded in relief. The name Hafnergeschirr (“stove-maker vessel”) came to be applied to other pottery objects, usually melon-shaped or ovoid mugs or jugs, manufactured by the stove makers in the 16th century. The earliest stove tiles had a green lead glaze. By 1...
  • hafnium (chemical element)
    chemical element (atomic number 72), metal of Group IVb of the periodic table. It is a ductile metal with a brilliant silvery lustre. The Dutch physicist Dirk Coster and the Hungarian-Swedish chemist George Charles de Hevesy discovered (1923) hafnium in Norwegian and Greenland zircons by analyzing their X-ray spectra. They named the new element for Copenhagen ...
  • Hafren (river, Wales and England, United Kingdom)
    Britain’s longest river from source to tidal waters—about 180 miles (290 km) long, with the Severn estuary adding some 40 miles (64 km) to its total length. The Severn rises near the River Wye on the northeastern slopes of Plynlimon (Welsh: Pumlumon), Wales, and follows a semicircular course basically southward to the Bristol Channel and the Atlantic Ocean. It drains an area of 4,350...
  • Hafrsfjord, Battle of (Norwegian history)
    ...Harald I Fairhair, of the Oslo Fjord area, managed—in alliance with chiefs of the Frostatingslag and parts of the Gulatingslag—to pacify the western coast. The final battle took place in Hafrsfjord, near Stavanger, sometime between 872 and 900, whereafter Harald proclaimed himself king of the Norwegians. His son and successor, Erik I Bloodax (so called because he murdered seven of...
  • Ḥafṣid dynasty (Berber dynasty)
    Amazigh (Berber) dynasty of the 13th–16th century in Ifrīqiyyah (Tunisia and eastern Algeria), founded by the Almohad governor Abū Zakariyyāʾ Yaḥyā about 1229. In the 20 years of his rule, Abū Zakariyyāʾ kept the various tribal dispute...
  • Hafstein, Hannes (Icelandic statesman and poet)
    Icelandic statesman and poet, a pioneer of literary realism in Iceland....
  • Haft Awrang (poetry by Jāmī)
    ...his ethical and philosophical doctrines. His poetry is fresh and graceful and is not marred by unduly esoteric language. His most famous collection of poetry is a seven-part compendium entitled Haft Awrang (“The Seven Thrones,” or “Ursa Major”), which includes Salmān o-Absāl and Yūsof o-Zalīkhā. Although this co...
  • Haft paykar (work by Neẓāmī)
    ...wa Shīrīn (“Khosrow and Shīrīn”) tells the story of the love of Khosrow II (reigned 590–628) for an Armenian princess, and in Haft paykar (“The Seven Beauties”) the life of Bahrām V (reigned 420–438) serves as a framework for seven fairy tales narrated to the king each night whe...
  • Hafṭara (Judaism)
    selective reading from Old Testament prophets recited in Jewish synagogues during the morning service on the sabbath and on festivals (but during the afternoon service on fast days). Though Haftarot vary with various rites and no longer follow recommendations of the Mishna (the lawbook section of the Talmud), selections are generally chosen that relate to the Torah reading that immediately precede...
  • Hafṭarah (Judaism)
    selective reading from Old Testament prophets recited in Jewish synagogues during the morning service on the sabbath and on festivals (but during the afternoon service on fast days). Though Haftarot vary with various rites and no longer follow recommendations of the Mishna (the lawbook section of the Talmud), selections are generally chosen that relate to the Torah reading that immediately precede...
  • Haftarahs (Judaism)
    selective reading from Old Testament prophets recited in Jewish synagogues during the morning service on the sabbath and on festivals (but during the afternoon service on fast days). Though Haftarot vary with various rites and no longer follow recommendations of the Mishna (the lawbook section of the Talmud), selections are generally chosen that relate to the Torah reading that immediately precede...
  • Haftarot (Judaism)
    selective reading from Old Testament prophets recited in Jewish synagogues during the morning service on the sabbath and on festivals (but during the afternoon service on fast days). Though Haftarot vary with various rites and no longer follow recommendations of the Mishna (the lawbook section of the Talmud), selections are generally chosen that relate to the Torah reading that immediately precede...
  • Haftaroth (Judaism)
    selective reading from Old Testament prophets recited in Jewish synagogues during the morning service on the sabbath and on festivals (but during the afternoon service on fast days). Though Haftarot vary with various rites and no longer follow recommendations of the Mishna (the lawbook section of the Talmud), selections are generally chosen that relate to the Torah reading that immediately precede...
  • hafting (tool making)
    Hafting, or the fitting of a handle to a cutting edge, was a momentous and far-reaching invention of about 35,000 years ago. It was a critical step toward the creation of new tools and improved models of old ones. In its simplest form, the haft may have been no more than a grass or leaf bundle whose limited function was to protect the hand when a fractured rock was used as a knife.......
  • Hafṭorah (Judaism)
    selective reading from Old Testament prophets recited in Jewish synagogues during the morning service on the sabbath and on festivals (but during the afternoon service on fast days). Though Haftarot vary with various rites and no longer follow recommendations of the Mishna (the lawbook section of the Talmud), selections are generally chosen that relate to the Torah reading that immediately precede...
  • hag (European folklore)
    in European folklore, an ugly and malicious old woman who practices witchcraft, with or without supernatural powers; hags are often said to be aligned with the devil or the dead. Sometimes appearing in the form of a beautiful woman, a succubus is a hag believed to engage in sexual intercourse with sleeping men, causing severe nightmares and leaving the victim exhausted. Althoug...
  • ḥag ha-asif (Judaism)
    The Bible refers to ḥag ha-asif (“Feast of the Ingathering,” Exodus 23:16), when grains and fruits were gathered at the harvest’s end, and to ḥag ha-sukkot (“Feast of Booths,” Leviticus 23:34), recalling the days when the Israelites lived in huts (sukkot) during their years of wandering in the wilderness after the Exodus from Eg...
  • Hag ha-Matzot (Judaism)
    in Judaism, holiday commemorating the Hebrews’ liberation from slavery in Egypt and the “passing over” of the forces of destruction, or the sparing of the firstborn of the Israelites, when the Lord “smote the land of Egypt” on the eve of the Exodus. The festival thus marks the first and most momentous event in Jewish history. Passover begins wi...
  • Hag ha-Qazir (Judaism)
    (“Festival of the Weeks”), second of the three Pilgrim Festivals of the Jewish religious calendar. It was originally an agricultural festival, marking the beginning of the wheat harvest. During the Temple period, the first fruits of the harvest were brought to the Temple, and two loaves of bread made from the new wheat were offered. This aspect of the holiday is re...
  • hag ha-sukkot (Judaism)
    a Jewish autumn festival of double thanksgiving that begins on the 15th day of Tishri (in September or October), five days after Yom Kippur, the Day of Atonement. It is one of the three Pilgrim Festivals of the Old Testament....
  • hag moth (insect)
    One species, the hag moth (Phobetron pithecium), derives its name from the larva’s fleshy appendages, which are covered with brown stinging hairs resembling disheveled or tousled hair. When the caterpillar spins its cocoon the appendages are transferred to the outside of the cocoon, where they serve for protection and camouflage....
  • Ḥag Shavuot (Judaism)
    (“Festival of the Weeks”), second of the three Pilgrim Festivals of the Jewish religious calendar. It was originally an agricultural festival, marking the beginning of the wheat harvest. During the Temple period, the first fruits of the harvest were brought to the Temple, and two loaves of bread made from the new wheat were offered. This aspect of the holiday is re...
  • Hagalín, Gudmundur G. (Icelandic writer)
    Icelandic novelist, short-story writer, and essayist. His works constitute a social history of Iceland from World War I to the post-World War II period....
  • Haganah (Zionist military organization)
    (Hebrew: “Defense”), Zionist military organization representing the majority of the Jews in Palestine from 1920 to 1948. Organized to combat the revolts of Palestinian Arabs against the Jewish settlement of Palestine, it early came under the influence of the Histadrut (“General Federation of Labour”). Although it was outlawed by th...
  • Hagano (German mythology)
    mythological Germanic hero who plays a variety of roles in a number of northern European legends. In the Nibelungenlied, he appears as a vassal of the Burgundian king Gunther and is a grizzled warrior, loyal and wary. He plays a principal role in the epic as the slayer of Siegfried, who becomes the chief object of hatred and revenge of Siegfried’s widow, Kriemhild. The last of the Ni...
  • Hagar (biblical figure)
    in the Old Testament (Gen. 16:1–16; 21:8–21), Abraham’s concubine and the mother of his son Ishmael. Purchased in Egypt, she served as a maid to Abraham’s childless wife, Sarah, who gave her to Abraham to conceive an heir. When Hagar became pregnant, her meek manner changed to arrogance; with Abraham’s relu...
  • Haġar Qim (archaeological site, Malta)
    ...An elaborate cult of the dead of Stone Age or Copper Age culture evolved about 2400 bc. Initially centring around rock-cut collective tombs such as those at Ġgantija (near Xagħra) and Haġar Qim (near Żurrieq), it culminated—probably through contacts with the cultures of the Cyclades islands and Mycenae, in the Peloponnese—in the unique und...
  • Hagar, Sammy (American musician and singer)
    ...Lee Roth (b. Oct. 10, 1955Bloomington, Ind.). Later members were Sammy Hagar (b. Oct. 13, 1947Monterey, Calif.), Gary Cherone......
  • Hagatna (Guam)
    capital of the unincorporated U.S. territory of Guam, northern Pacific Ocean, situated on the west coast of the island on a beach surrounding Hagåtña Bay at the mouth of the small Hagåtña River. The name of the town, previously spelled Agana, was formally changed to its Chamorro-language form in 1998....
  • Hagåtña (Guam)
    capital of the unincorporated U.S. territory of Guam, northern Pacific Ocean, situated on the west coast of the island on a beach surrounding Hagåtña Bay at the mouth of the small Hagåtña River. The name of the town, previously spelled Agana, was formally changed to its Chamorro-language form in 1998....
  • Hagedashia hagedash (bird)
    The hadada ibis, or hadada (Hagedashia hagedash), of Africa, is a greenish ibis known for its loud call....
  • Hagedorn, Friedrich von (German poet)
    poet who introduced a new lightness and grace into German poetry and was highly esteemed by his contemporaries....
  • Hagedorn, Horace (American businessman)
    American businessman (b. March 18, 1915, New York, N.Y.—d. Jan. 31, 2005, Sands Point, N.Y.), founded Miracle-Gro Products, Inc., and used his marketing acumen to make Miracle-Gro the most widely used home plant fertilizer in the world. In 1950 Hagedorn was running an advertising agency when Otto Stern, who owned a mail-order nursery business, sought his services. Hagedorn conceived the ide...
  • Hageladas (Greek sculptor)
    sculptor said to have been the teacher of Myron, Phidias, and Polyclitus. This tradition testifies to his wide fame but is historically doubtful....
  • Hageman, Richard (Dutch-American musician and composer)
    ...Color: Ernest Haller and Ray Rennahan for Gone with the WindArt Direction: Lyle Wheeler for Gone with the WindOriginal Score: Herbert Stothart for The Wizard of OzScoring: Richard Hageman, Frank Harling, John Leipold, Leo Shuken for StagecoachSong: “Over the Rainbow” from The......
  • Hagen (German mythology)
    mythological Germanic hero who plays a variety of roles in a number of northern European legends. In the Nibelungenlied, he appears as a vassal of the Burgundian king Gunther and is a grizzled warrior, loyal and wary. He plays a principal role in the epic as the slayer of Siegfried, who becomes the chief object of hatred and revenge of Siegfried’s widow, Kriemhild. The last of the Ni...
  • Hagen (Germany)
    city, North Rhine–Westphalia Land (state), western Germany. It lies south of Dortmund, at the confluence of the Ennepe and Volme rivers just south of the Ruhr. Hagen is situated on the eastern edge of the industrial Ruhr district and is bordered to the south by the Sau...
  • Hagen, Earle Harry (American musician and songwriter)
    American musician and songwriter who composed some of the most memorable music for television, including the themes for The Andy Griffith Show, The Dick Van Dyke Show, Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C., Eight Is Enough, Make Room for Daddy, and The Dukes of Hazzard. Hagen won (1968) an Emmy Award for his creative musical arrangements for the espionage series I Spy....
  • Hagen, Gotthilf Heinrich Ludwig (German engineer)
    French physician and physiologist who formulated a mathematical expression for the flow rate for the laminar (nonturbulent) flow of fluids in circular tubes. Discovered independently by Gotthilf Hagen, a German hydraulic engineer, this relation is also known as the Hagen-Poiseuille equation....
  • Hagen, Johann Georg (Austrian astronomer)
    Jesuit priest and astronomer who is noted for his discovery and study of dark clouds of tenuous, interstellar matter sometimes known as Hagen’s clouds....
  • Hagen Range (mountains, Papua New Guinea)
    ...Guinea, southwestern Pacific Ocean. The town, established as a patrol post in 1936, is near the Wahgi River, a tributary of the Purari. It takes its name from a 12,579-foot (3,834-metre) peak in the Hagen Range of the central highlands, 15 miles (24 km) northwest. It is believed that the mountain, an extinct volcano, once stood 6,000 feet (1,800 metres) higher but was reduced by an ancient......
  • Hagen, Uta (German-American actress)
    German-born American actress and teacher (b. June 12, 1919, Göttingen, Ger.—d. Jan. 14, 2004, New York, N.Y.), thrilled theatre audiences with her talent and versatility and also became a widely respected acting teacher and writer. She counted three Tony Awards among her numerous honours, one of them for her creation of the role of the acid-tongued Martha in Edward Albee’s ...
  • Hagen, Walter Charles (American golfer)
    American professional golfer, one of the most colourful sports personages of his time, who is credited with doing more than any other golfer to raise the social standing of his profession. He was exceptionally self-confident; he dressed stylishly, lived extravagantly, played more than 2,500 exhibition matches throughout the world, and always insisted that he be received as a gentleman, a concessio...
  • Hagen-Poiseuille equation (physics)
    ...for the flow rate for the laminar (nonturbulent) flow of fluids in circular tubes. Discovered independently by Gotthilf Hagen, a German hydraulic engineer, this relation is also known as the Hagen-Poiseuille equation....
  • Hagenauer, Friedrich (German artist)
    ...Germany and elsewhere between 1512 and 1532. Christoph Weiditz produced numerous Augsburg medals and with Schwarz showed the greatest sensitivity in capturing individual character in his portraits. Friedrich Hagenauer, active in Munich and in Augsburg (1527–32), produced more than 230 medals. In Nürnberg, Matthes Gebel (active 1525–54) and his follower Joachim Deschler (act...
  • Hagenbeck, Carl (German animal trainer and dealer)
    internationally known German animal dealer and trainer who controlled animals by befriending them, emphasizing for spectators their intelligence and tractability over their ferocity. He also created the prototype for open-air zoos....
  • Hagenbeck Zoo (zoo, Hamburg, Germany)
    zoological park in Hamburg, Ger., which pioneered the use of moated, barless, open-air enclosures that resemble the animals’ natural habitats. The zoo was founded in 1907 by Carl Hagenbeck, who originated the type of wild-animal acts characteristic of modern circus performances. Circuses and zoos the world over continue to purchase trained animals from the Hagenbeck Zoo, ...
  • Hagen’s clouds (astronomy)
    Jesuit priest and astronomer who is noted for his discovery and study of dark clouds of tenuous, interstellar matter sometimes known as Hagen’s clouds....
  • Háger, Constantin (Belgian teacher)
    ...and in February 1842 Charlotte and Emily went to Brussels as pupils to improve their qualifications in French and acquire some German. The talent displayed by both brought them to the notice of Constantin Héger, a fine teacher and a man of unusual perception. After a brief trip home upon the death of her aunt, Charlotte returned to Brussels as a pupil-teacher. She stayed there during......
  • Hager’s Town (Maryland, United States)
    city, seat (1776) of Washington county, north-central Maryland, U.S. It lies in the Cumberland Valley between the Blue Ridge and Allegheny mountains, 71 miles (114 km) northwest of Baltimore. In 1762 the town was laid out by the German immigrant Jonathan Hager and named Elizabeth Town for his wife, but it was incorporated ...
  • Hagerstown (Maryland, United States)
    city, seat (1776) of Washington county, north-central Maryland, U.S. It lies in the Cumberland Valley between the Blue Ridge and Allegheny mountains, 71 miles (114 km) northwest of Baltimore. In 1762 the town was laid out by the German immigrant Jonathan Hager and named Elizabeth Town for his wife, but it was incorporated ...
  • Hägerstrand, Torsten (Swedish geographer)
    Finally, there was the issue of change within such spatial systems, on which the work of Swedish geographer Torsten Hägerstrand was seminal. He added spatial components to sociological and economic models of the diffusion of information. According to Hägerstrand, the main centres of innovation tend to be the largest cities, from which new ideas and practices spread down the urban......
  • Hägerström, Axel (Swedish philosopher)
    Swedish philosopher who founded the Uppsala school of philosophy, which espoused phenomenological and conceptual analysis and rejected metaphysical suppositions and subjectivism....
  • Hägerström, Axel Anders Theodor (Swedish philosopher)
    Swedish philosopher who founded the Uppsala school of philosophy, which espoused phenomenological and conceptual analysis and rejected metaphysical suppositions and subjectivism....
  • Hagerup, Gesine (Norwegian musician)
    ...father, Alexander Grieg, was British consul at Bergen. The Grieg (formerly Greig) family was of Scottish origin, the composer’s grandfather having emigrated after the Battle of Culloden. His mother, Gesine Hagerup, who belonged to a well-established Norwegian family, studied music at Hamburg. From the age of six Grieg received piano lessons from her, and in 1858, at the recommendation of...
  • hagfish (marine vertebrate)
    any of about 70 species of marine vertebrates placed with the lampreys in the superclass Agnatha. Although most classifications place all hagfishes in the family Myxinidae, they are sometimes divided into two families: Myxinidae, represented in every ocean, and Eptatretidae, represented everywhere but the North Atlantic....
  • Hägg, Gunder (Swedish athlete)
    Swedish middle-distance runner who broke a total of 15 world records during his career. He set 10 of them within a three-month period in 1942....
  • Haggada (biblical Exodus)
    in Judaism, the special book containing the story of the biblical Exodus as it must be retold at the beginning of the seder dinner on Passover (Pesaḥ). The book’s commentaries on the story of the Exodus provide a religious philosophy of Jewish history, and the book supplies answers to the traditional questions asked by children...
  • Haggada (non-legal literature)
    in Judaism, those parts of rabbinical, or Talmudic, literature that do not deal directly with the laws incumbent upon Jews in the conduct of their daily life. The contents of Haggada can be broken down into several classes: (1) interpretations and expositions of Biblical stories and chronicles; (2) ethical teachings in the form of homilies, maxims, parables, similes, fables, riddles, and witticism...
  • Haggadah (biblical Exodus)
    in Judaism, the special book containing the story of the biblical Exodus as it must be retold at the beginning of the seder dinner on Passover (Pesaḥ). The book’s commentaries on the story of the Exodus provide a religious philosophy of Jewish history, and the book supplies answers to the traditional questions asked by children...
  • Haggadah (non-legal literature)
    in Judaism, those parts of rabbinical, or Talmudic, literature that do not deal directly with the laws incumbent upon Jews in the conduct of their daily life. The contents of Haggada can be broken down into several classes: (1) interpretations and expositions of Biblical stories and chronicles; (2) ethical teachings in the form of homilies, maxims, parables, similes, fables, riddles, and witticism...
  • Haggadot (non-legal literature)
    in Judaism, those parts of rabbinical, or Talmudic, literature that do not deal directly with the laws incumbent upon Jews in the conduct of their daily life. The contents of Haggada can be broken down into several classes: (1) interpretations and expositions of Biblical stories and chronicles; (2) ethical teachings in the form of homilies, maxims, parables, similes, fables, riddles, and witticism...
  • Haggadoth (non-legal literature)
    in Judaism, those parts of rabbinical, or Talmudic, literature that do not deal directly with the laws incumbent upon Jews in the conduct of their daily life. The contents of Haggada can be broken down into several classes: (1) interpretations and expositions of Biblical stories and chronicles; (2) ethical teachings in the form of homilies, maxims, parables, similes, fables, riddles, and witticism...
  • Haggai (Hebrew author)
    According to dates mentioned in chapters 1–8, Zechariah was active from 520 to 518 bc. A contemporary of the prophet Haggai in the early years of the Persian period, Zechariah shared Haggai’s concern that the Temple of Jerusalem be rebuilt. Unlike Haggai, however, Zechariah thought that the rebuilding of the Temple was the necessary prelude to the eschatological age, th...
  • Haggai, The Book of (biblical literature)
    the 10th of 12 Old Testament books that bear the names of the Minor Prophets. Haggai (fl. 6th century bc) helped mobilize the Jewish community for the rebuilding of the Temple of Jerusalem (516 bc) after the Babylonian Exile and prophesied the glorious future of the messianic age....
  • haggard (hawk)
    ...taken from a nest in the wild or bred in captivity is known as an eyas. A hawk trapped during its first year in the wild is called a passager, and a hawk trapped in its adult plumage is termed a haggard. The female peregrine falcon is properly called a falcon, and the male—which, in common with most species of raptors, is smaller than the female—is known as a tiercel. Indoor......
  • Haggard, Merle (American musician)
    American singer, guitarist, and songwriter, one of the most popular country music performers of the late 20th century....
  • Haggard, Merle Ronald (American musician)
    American singer, guitarist, and songwriter, one of the most popular country music performers of the late 20th century....
  • Haggard, Sir H. Rider (British author)
    English novelist best known for his romantic adventure King Solomon’s Mines (1885)....
  • Haggard, Sir Henry Rider (British author)
    English novelist best known for his romantic adventure King Solomon’s Mines (1885)....
  • Haggart, Bob (American musician)
    American jazz bassist, arranger, and bandleader who performed and cocomposed such hit songs as "Big Noise from Winnetka," "What’s New," and "South Rampart Street Parade" for Bob Crosby’s 1930s swing band; he then recorded with leading traditional jazz, swing, and bop musicians before forming a popular 1950s Dixieland band with trumpeter Yank Lawson. Haggart and Lawson then led the Wo...
  • Haggart, Robert Sherwood (American musician)
    American jazz bassist, arranger, and bandleader who performed and cocomposed such hit songs as "Big Noise from Winnetka," "What’s New," and "South Rampart Street Parade" for Bob Crosby’s 1930s swing band; he then recorded with leading traditional jazz, swing, and bop musicians before forming a popular 1950s Dixieland band with trumpeter Yank Lawson. Haggart and Lawson then led the Wo...
  • Haggerty, Patrick (American businessman)
    ...used to locate oil before the war. Carried aboard low-flying aircraft, the devices could detect magnetic disturbances caused by submarines beneath the ocean’s surface. The navy assigned Lieutenant Patrick Haggerty to monitor and manage GSI’s contract, and at war’s end he accepted a position as head of GSI’s new laboratory and manufacturing division. Defense technolog...
  • haggis (food)
    a national dish of Scotland. A haggis is actually a large spherical sausage made of the liver, heart, and lungs of a sheep, all chopped and mixed with beef or mutton suet and oatmeal and seasoned with onion, cayenne pepper, and other spices. The mixture is packed into a sheep’s stomach and boiled. Haggis is usually accompanied by turnips and mashed potatoes; Scotch whisk...
  • Haggis, Paul (Canadian writer, producer, and director)
    Original Screenplay: Paul Haggis and Bobby Moresco; story by Paul Haggis for Crash Adapted Screenplay: Larry McMurtry and Diana Ossana for Brokeback MountainCinematography: Dion Beebe for Memoirs of a GeishaArt......
  • Hägglund, Joel Emmanuel (American radical)
    Swedish-born American songwriter and organizer for the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW); his execution for an alleged robbery-murder made him a martyr and folk hero in the radical American labour movement....
  • Hagi (Japan)
    city, Yamaguchi ken (prefecture), Honshu, Japan, on the delta of the Abu River, facing the Sea of Japan. Hagi was founded as a castle town in 1600 and prospered as the capital of both Suō and Nagato provinces (now Yamaguchi prefecture). Economic growth since the Meiji Restoration (1868) has been slow. The manufacture of pottery and bamboo work remains important. Ha...
  • Hagia Sofia (church, Istanbul, Turkey)
    cathedral built at Constantinople (now Istanbul, Turkey) under the direction of the Byzantine emperor Justinian I. It is a unique building and one of the world’s great monuments, despite time’s ravages. The structure, a domed basilica, was built in the amazingly short time of about six years, being completed in ad 537. The architects were Anthemius of Tralles and Isidor...
  • Hagia Sophia (church, Istanbul, Turkey)
    cathedral built at Constantinople (now Istanbul, Turkey) under the direction of the Byzantine emperor Justinian I. It is a unique building and one of the world’s great monuments, despite time’s ravages. The structure, a domed basilica, was built in the amazingly short time of about six years, being completed in ad 537. The architects were Anthemius of Tralles and Isidor...
  • Hagia Triada (archaeological site, Greece)
    Art often portrays incidents relevant to the study of Greek religion, but frequently essential information is missing. On a well-known sarcophagus from Ayías Triádhos in Crete, for example, a priestess dressed in a skin skirt assists at a sacrifice, flanked by wreathed axes on which squat birds. The significance of the scene has been much discussed. The birds have been regarded as......
  • Hagiographa (biblical literature)
    the third division of the Hebrew Bible, or Old Testament. Divided into four sections, the Ketuvim include: poetical books (Psalms, Proverbs, and Job), the Megillot, or Scrolls (Song of Solomon, Ruth, Lamentations of Jeremiah, Ecclesiastes, and Esther), prophecy (Daniel), and history (Ezra, Nehemiah, and I and II Chronicles)....
  • hagiography (religious study and literature)
    the body of literature describing the lives and veneration of the Christian saints. The literature of hagiography embraces acts of the martyrs (i.e., accounts of their trials and deaths); biographies of saintly monks, bishops, princes, or virgins; and accounts of miracles connected with saints’ tombs, relics, icons, or statues....
Skip this Advertisement

Link to this article and share the full text with the readers of your Web site or blog-post.

If you think a reference to this article on "" will enhance your Web site, blog-post, or any other web-content, then feel free to link to this article, and your readers will gain full access to the full article, even if they do not subscribe to our service.

You may want to use the HTML code fragment provided below.

copy link

We welcome your comments. Any revisions or updates suggested for this article will be reviewed by our editorial staff. Contact us here.

Regular users of Britannica may notice that this comments feature is less robust than in the past. This is only temporary, while we make the transition to a dramatically new and richer site. The functionality of the system will be restored soon.

The Britannica Store
A-Z Browse

Image preview