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  • Tanganyika African Nationalist Union (Tanzanian political organization)
    The liberation struggle in Tanganyika was led by the Tanganyika African National Union, whose flag was a horizontal tricolour of green-black-green. Elections confirmed the overwhelming popular support for the organization, and British authorities suggested modifying the party flag for use as a national flag subsequent to independence on December 9, 1961. Yellow fimbriations were added at that......
  • Tanganyika, Lake (lake, Africa)
    second largest of the lakes of eastern Africa. It is the longest freshwater lake in the world (410 miles [660 km]) and the second deepest (4,710 feet [1,436 m]) after Lake Baikal in Russia. Comparatively narrow, varying in width from 10 to 45 miles (16 to 72 km), it covers about 12,700 square miles (32,900 square km) and forms the boundary between Tanzania and Congo (Kinshasa). It occupies the so...
  • Tanganyika sardine (fish)
    ...C (just above 32° F) but only eight days at 19° C (66° F). Some shad eggs develop in about 75 hours at 17° C (63° F) but require only 49 hours at 19° C. The eggs of the Tanganyika sardine (Stolothrissa tanganicae), an open-water, freshwater, surface spawner, hatch in 24 to 36 hours while constantly sinking from the surface to a depth of 75 to 150...
  • Tangara chilensis (bird)
    ...has a greater breeding range: from southern Arizona to central Argentina. The most striking tropical genus is Tangara: about 50 small species sometimes called callistes. An example is the paradise tanager (T. chilensis), called siete colores (Spanish) from its seven hues, including green, scarlet, and purple. The euphonias (Tanagra species) are found from Mexico......
  • Tangda (district, Tianjin, China)
    district, eastern Tianjin municipality, northeastern China. It is located on the Hai River where the Hai empties into the Bo Hai (Gulf of Chihli). Formerly the town of Tangda (it was renamed in 1952), Tanggu district has been under the administration of Tianjin since 1949. The district lies on the rail line between central Tianjin (30 miles ...
  • Tange Kenzō (Japanese architect)
    one of the foremost Japanese architects in the decades following World War II....
  • tangelo (fruit)
    ...Dancy, and Seminole. Oil extracted from the fragrant skin of the tangerine is a characteristic ingredient in several flavourings and liqueurs. Tangerines have been crossed with grapefruit to produce tangelos....
  • Tangen (Norway)
    city, southeastern Norway. Located at the junction of the Drams River with Drams Fjord, southwest of Oslo, the site was first settled in the 13th century as two separate communities, Bragernes and Strømsøy. Each was granted common town privileges in 1715. In 1811 they merged with Tangen to form the present city. Drammen is a seaport and a railroad terminus; its man...
  • Tangencies (work of Apollonius)
    ...in an Arabic translation. Pappus mentions five additional works, “Cutting Off of an Area” (or “On Spatial Section”), “On Determinate Section,” “Tangencies,” “Vergings” (or “Inclinations”), and “Plane Loci,” and provides valuable information on their contents in Book VII of his ......
  • tangent (mathematical function)
    ...specific functions of angles and their application to calculations. There are six functions of an angle commonly used in trigonometry. Their names and abbreviations are sine (sin), cosine (cos), tangent (tan), cotangent (cot), secant (sec), and cosecant (csc). These six trigonometric functions in relation to a right triangle are displayed in the figure. For example, the triangle contains an......
  • tangent (music)
    ...the key and prevents the key from moving from side to side as it moves up and down.) When the front end of the key is pushed down by the finger, the back end rises, and the brass blade, called a tangent, strikes the strings (which in most clavichords are arranged in pairs), causing them to vibrate. To the left of the tangent a strip of cloth is woven between the strings. When the key is......
  • tangent (of a curve)
    in geometry, straight line (or smooth curve) that touches a given curve at one point; at that point the slope of the curve is equal to that of the tangent. A tangent line may be considered the limiting position of a secant line as the two points at which it crosses the curve approach one another. Tangent planes and other surfaces are defined analogously. (See .)...
  • tangent law (mathematics)
    The trigonometric law of tangents is a relationship between two sides of a plane triangle and the tangents of the sum and difference of the angles opposite those sides. In any plane triangle ABC, if a, b, and c are the sides opposite angles A, B, and C, respectively, then...
  • tangent vector (mathematics)
    ...vy, and vz, a 4-vector has four components. Geometrically the 4-velocity and 4-acceleration correspond, respectively, to the tangent vector and the curvature vector of the world line (see Figure 2). If the particle moves slower than light, the tangent, or velocity, vector at each event on the world line points inside the......
  • Tangenten (work by Doderer)
    ...several other novels attracted little attention. In the 1930s Doderer was briefly a member of the then-outlawed National Socialist Party in Austria, which he described in a book of reminiscences, Tangenten (1964; “Tangents”). In World War II he was a Luftwaffe captain. Die Strudlhofstiege (1951; “The Strudlhof Stairs”), which covered the Vienna scene in...
  • tangential velocity (physics)
    ...motion and apparent magnitude; this yields a statistical sample of stars of approximately known and uniform distance. The fourth method involves examining the distribution of proper motions and tangential velocities (the speeds at which stellar objects move at right angles to the line of sight) of stars near the Sun....
  • tangents, law of (mathematics)
    The trigonometric law of tangents is a relationship between two sides of a plane triangle and the tangents of the sum and difference of the angles opposite those sides. In any plane triangle ABC, if a, b, and c are the sides opposite angles A, B, and C, respectively, then...
  • Tánger (Morocco)
    port and principal city of northern Morocco. It is located on a bay of the Strait of Gibraltar 17 miles (27 km) from the southern tip of Spain; Tétouan lies about 40 miles (65 km) to the southeast. Pop. (2004) 669,685....
  • Tanger (Morocco)
    port and principal city of northern Morocco. It is located on a bay of the Strait of Gibraltar 17 miles (27 km) from the southern tip of Spain; Tétouan lies about 40 miles (65 km) to the southeast. Pop. (2004) 669,685....
  • tangerine (fruit)
    small, thin-skinned variety of orange belonging to the mandarin orange species of the family Rutaceae. Probably indigenous to Southeast Asia, tangerine culture spread westward along trade routes as far as the Mediterranean; in modern times, the fruit is cultivated in the subtropical regions of both the Old World and the New World, especially in southern Europe and the southern U...
  • Tanggeasinua, Pegunungan (mountain range, Indonesia)
    The Tanggeasinua and Mekongga mountains are parallel ranges in the northwestern part of the province, the latter rising to an elevation of 9,117 feet (2,779 metres) at Mount Mekongga, a volcanic peak. Rift valleys with steep sides are common. The low-lying eastern and western coastal margins are comparably narrow. The Lalinda, Lasolo, and Sampara are the major rivers and drain eastward. The......
  • Tanggu (district, Tianjin, China)
    district, eastern Tianjin municipality, northeastern China. It is located on the Hai River where the Hai empties into the Bo Hai (Gulf of Chihli). Formerly the town of Tangda (it was renamed in 1952), Tanggu district has been under the administration of Tianjin since 1949. The district lies on the rail line between central Tianjin (30 miles ...
  • Tanggula Mountains (mountains, China)
    mountain range in the Tibet Autonomous Region, southwestern China. On the high plateau south of the mountains, there are many large salt lakes. In its eastern part the range forms the boundary between Tibet and Qinghai province. Although many peaks are higher than 19,000 feet (5,700 metres) and the tallest, Basudan Ula, reaches some 20,000 f...
  • Tanggula Pass (mountain pass, China)
    ...Jiang). The southeastern flank drains into the Nu River, the headwater of the Salween River; and the Mekong River rises at the eastern end of the range. The mountains are crossed by the important Tanggula Pass, the main route that links Lhasa (capital of Tibet) and the southern Tibetan region to the Qaidam (Tsaidam) Basin and beyond in Qinghai to the north and east. Mineral surveys have......
  • Tanggula Shan (mountains, China)
    mountain range in the Tibet Autonomous Region, southwestern China. On the high plateau south of the mountains, there are many large salt lakes. In its eastern part the range forms the boundary between Tibet and Qinghai province. Although many peaks are higher than 19,000 feet (5,700 metres) and the tallest, Basudan Ula, reaches some 20,000 f...
  • tangible property (law)
    Every known legal system has rules that deal with the relations among persons with respect to (at least) tangible things. The extraordinary diversity of the property systems of non-Western societies, however, suggests that any concept of property other than the descriptive one is dependent on the culture in which it is found. Because property law deals with the allocation, use, and transfer of......
  • Tangier (Morocco)
    port and principal city of northern Morocco. It is located on a bay of the Strait of Gibraltar 17 miles (27 km) from the southern tip of Spain; Tétouan lies about 40 miles (65 km) to the southeast. Pop. (2004) 669,685....
  • Tangier Incident (European history)
    ...show of imperial power, the emperor William II visited Tangier and, from his yacht on March 31, 1905, declared for Morocco’s independence and integrity. The resultant international panic, the First Moroccan Crisis, was resolved in January–April 1906 at the Algeciras Conference, where German and other national economic rights were upheld and where the French and Spanish were......
  • tangle net (fishing)
    ...surrounding (encircling, or encompassing) nets, and trap nets. Drift nets—which include gill and trammel nets used at the surface and bottom-set nets used on the seabed—capture fish by entangling them. Gill and trammel nets are used principally to catch herring and salmon and are the most common drift nets. In commercial fishing, a long fleet of drift nets, often several miles in....
  • Tangled Hair (work by Yosano)
    ...Akiko, Ishikawa Takuboku, and Saitō Mokichi were probably the most successful practitioners of the new tanka. Akiko’s collection Midaregami (1901; Tangled Hair) stirred female readers especially, not only because of its lyrical beauty but because Akiko herself seemed to be proclaiming a new age of romantic love. Takuboku emerged in...
  • tango (dance)
    ballroom dance, musical style, and song. The tango evolved about 1880 in dance halls and perhaps brothels in the lower-class districts of Buenos Aires, where the Spanish tango, a light-spirited variety of flamenco, merged with the milonga, a fast, sensual, and disreputable Argentine dance; it also shows possible influences from the Cuban habanera. In the ear...
  • tango maxixe (dance)
    “Cheek-to-cheek” dancing became popular in the second decade of the 20th century. Such exotic numbers as the turkey trot, the bunny hug, and the maxixe were influenced by the new music of jazz. The tango, purged of its more erotic elements, became acceptable to the clientele of the thé dansant (tea dance), and the Charleston epitomized the Jazz Age. When the quickstep.....
  • tangoreception (biology)
    perception by an animal when in contact with a solid object. Two types of receptors are common: tactile hairs and subcutaneous receptors....
  • tangoreceptor (anatomy)
    ...to contact with relatively solid objects (tangoreception)—is found quite generally, from one-celled organisms up to and including man. Usually the whole body surface is tangoreceptive, except for parts covered by thick, rigid shells (as in mollusks). Mechanical contact locally deforms the body surface; receptors typically are touch spots or free nerve endings within......
  • Tangra Yum (lake, China)
    Among the province’s lakes, the three largest are located in central Tibet, northwest of Lhasa: Lakes T’ang-ku-la-yu-mu (Tibetan Tangra Yum), Na-mu (Nam), and Ch’i-lin (Ziling). South of Lhasa lie two large lakes, Yang-cho-yung (Yamdrok) and P’u-mo (Pomo). In western Tibet two adjoining lakes are located near the Nepal border,......
  • Tangshan (China)
    industrial city, eastern Hebei sheng (province), northeastern China. It is situated in the northeastern portion of the North China Plain, about 30 miles (48 km) north of the Bo Hai (Gulf of Chihli) and 65 miles (105 km) northeast of central Tianjin metropolis. Pop. (2002 est.) city, ...
  • Tangshan earthquake of 1976
    earthquake on July 28, 1976, with a magnitude of 8.0, that nearly razed the Chinese coal-mining and industrial city of Tangshan, located about 68 miles (110 km) east of Beijing. The death toll, thought to be one of the largest in recorded history, was officially reported as 242,000 persons, but it may have been as high as 655,000. At least 700,000 more people ...
  • Tanguay, Eva (American comedienne)
    American singing and dancing comedienne billed as “the Girl Who Made Vaudeville Famous.”...
  • Tangub (Philippines)
    chartered city, northwestern Mindanao, Philippines. Located on the northern shore of Panguil Bay (an arm of Iligan Bay), it is just north of the narrow neck of land that connects Zamboanga del Sur province with the main part of Mindanao. The principal occupation in the city is fishing, mostly in Panguil Bay, for prawns and crabs. Coconuts (copra) are the main ...
  • Tangun (Korean mythology)
    mythological first king of the Koreans, the grandson of Hwanin, the creator, and the son of Hwanung, who fathered his child by breathing on a beautiful young woman. Tangun reportedly became king in 2333 bc....
  • Tan’gun Cult (Korean sect)
    modern Korean millenarian sect that originated in the late 19th century. Tajong-gyo was formulated by Na Chul. It worships the Lord, the Light, or the Progenitor of the Heaven. The triune deity consists of Great Wisdom, Power, and Virtue, which are parallel to the mind, body, and breath of humanity. The union and harmony of the Heavenly Trinity with the trinity of humanity, adherents believe, will...
  • Tangun Cult (Korean sect)
    modern Korean millenarian sect that originated in the late 19th century. Tajong-gyo was formulated by Na Chul. It worships the Lord, the Light, or the Progenitor of the Heaven. The triune deity consists of Great Wisdom, Power, and Virtue, which are parallel to the mind, body, and breath of humanity. The union and harmony of the Heavenly Trinity with the trinity of humanity, adherents believe, will...
  • Tangut (province, China)
    sheng (province) of China. Administratively a part of the Northwest region, it reaches into the geographic centre of the country. It is bordered by Mongolia to the north, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to the northeast, the Hui Autonomous Region of Ningsia and the province of Shensi to the east, the Chinese provinces of Tsinghai and Szechwan to the south, and the Uighur Autonomous Reg...
  • Tangut (people)
    In the northwest the Tangut (Pinyin: Dangxiang), a Tibetan-speaking branch of the Qiang, inhabited the region between the far end of the Great Wall in present-day Gansu and the Huang He bend in Inner Mongolia. Their semi-oasis economy combined irrigated agriculture with pastoralism, and, by controlling the terminus of the famous Silk Road, they became middlemen in trade between Central Asia and......
  • Tangut language
    ...a number of dialects and languages spoken in Tibet and the Himalayas. Burmic (Burmese in its widest application) includes Yi (Lolo), Hani, Lahu, Lisu, Kachin (Jingpo), Kuki-Chin, the obsolete Xixia (Tangut), and other languages. The Tibetan writing system (which dates from the 7th century) and the Burmese (dating from the 11th century) are derived from the Indo-Aryan (Indic) tradition;......
  • “Tanguy” (work by Castillo)
    Spanish-born novelist writing in French, who became famous at 24 for a short novel, Tanguy (1957; A Child of Our Time). Though written as fiction, it is the story of his experiences as a political refugee and a prisoner in concentration camps, and, like The Diary of Anne Frank, it has the poignancy of a child’s witne...
  • Tanguy, Henri (French military leader)
    French World War II Resistance leader (b. June 12, 1908, Morlaix, France—d. Sept. 8, 2002, Monteaux?, France), commanded the Resistance forces during the Parisian uprising against German occupation; he helped liberate Paris in August 1944 and was one of those who signed the document accepting Germany’s surrender of the city. Originally a metallurgical worker, he joined the Communist ...
  • Tanguy, Yves (American artist)
    French-born American painter who worked in a Surrealist style....
  • “Tangyur” (Buddhist literature)
    the second great collection of Buddhist sacred writings in Tibet, comprising more than 3,600 texts filling some 225 volumes and supplementary to the canonical Bka’-’gyur (“Translation of the Buddha-Word”)....
  • taṇhā (Buddhism)
    (Pāli), in the Buddhist chain of dependent origination, the thirst that leads to attachment. See pratītya-samutpāda....
  • Tanḥuma (Judaism)
    The Tanḥuma (after the late-4th-century Palestinian amora Tanḥuma bar Abba), of which two versions are extant, is another important Pentateuchal Midrash. Additional Midrashic compilations include those to the books of Samuel, Psalms, and Proverbs. Mention should also be made of Pesiqta (“Section” or “Cycles”) deRab Kahana......
  • Tani Bunchō (Japanese painter)
    Japanese painter who founded an eclectic school influenced by Chinese, Japanese, and Western styles....
  • Tani Hisao (Japanese officer)
    ...a third of the buildings. In 1940 the Japanese made Nanjing the capital of their Chinese puppet government headed by Wang Ching-wei (Wang Jingwei). Shortly after the end of World War II, Matsui and Tani Hisao, a lieutenant general who had personally participated in acts of murder and rape, were found guilty of war crimes by the International Military Tribunal for the Far East and were......
  • Tani Masayasu (Japanese painter)
    Japanese painter who founded an eclectic school influenced by Chinese, Japanese, and Western styles....
  • Tani Ryōko (Japanese athlete)
    Japanese judoka, who became the first woman to win two Olympic titles in judo....
  • Tanichthys albonubes (fish)
    small aquarium fish of the carp family, Cyprinidae, native to the White Cloud Mountains (Pai-yün Shan) of Kwangtung province, China. The white cloud is a slender, hardy fish, about 4 cm (1.5 inches) long. It is greenish brown, with a silvery belly and red patches on its fins. On each side from head to tail, it has a gleaming stripe, brilliant blue in the young fish, golden in the adult. A r...
  • Taniguchi Buson (Japanese artist and poet)
    Japanese painter of distinction but even more renowned as one of the great haiku poets....
  • Taniguchi Yoshio (Japanese architect)
    In late 1997 the Museum of Modern Art (MOMA) in New York City selected the design of Japanese architect Yoshio Taniguchi for the museum’s planned expansion. Taniguchi, the least known of the 10 architects whose designs were considered by MOMA officials, proposed a dramatic reconfiguration of one of the world’s most important cultural institutions. His plans called for doubling the mu...
  • Tanimbar Islands (islands, Indonesia)
    group of about 30 islands in Maluku Tenggara kabupaten (regency), Maluku provinsi (“province”), eastern Indonesia. The islands lie between the Banda and Arafura seas....
  • Tanimbar, Kepulauan (islands, Indonesia)
    group of about 30 islands in Maluku Tenggara kabupaten (regency), Maluku provinsi (“province”), eastern Indonesia. The islands lie between the Banda and Arafura seas....
  • Tanintharyi (region, Myanmar)
    narrow coastal region, southeastern Myanmar (Burma), bordered to the east by Thailand and to the west by the Andaman Sea. The Mergui Archipelago, with more than 200 islands of varying sizes, fringes the western shore. Tenasserim is dominated by the Tenasserim Range, which reaches a height of 6,801 feet (2,074 m), and is bisected by the Great Tenasserim River, which flows south to the Andaman Sea. ...
  • Tanintharyi Mountains (mountains, Myanmar)
    ...bordered to the east by Thailand and to the west by the Andaman Sea. The Mergui Archipelago, with more than 200 islands of varying sizes, fringes the western shore. Tenasserim is dominated by the Tenasserim Range, which reaches a height of 6,801 feet (2,074 m), and is bisected by the Great Tenasserim River, which flows south to the Andaman Sea. Swamp forests are found on the east coast. The......
  • Tanis (ancient city, Egypt)
    ancient city in the Nile River delta, capital of the 14th nome (province) of Lower Egypt and, at one time, of the whole country. The city was important as one of the nearest ports to the Asiatic seaboard. With the decline of Egypt’s Asiatic empire in the late 20th dynasty, the capital was shifted from Per Ramessu, and about 1075 bc the 21...
  • Tanis, Table of (Egyptian inscription)
    ancient bilingual, trigraphic Egyptian decree that provided a key for deciphering hieroglyphic and demotic scripts. The decree, written in Greek, demotic, and hieroglyphs, was promulgated March 7, 238 bce, by an assemblage of priests upon the death of a daughter (Berenice) of Ptolemy III Euergetes and his consort, Berenice; it honours the girl as a goddess. The two...
  • tanistry (Celtic government)
    a custom among various Celtic tribes—notably in Scotland and Ireland—by which the king or chief of the clan was elected by family heads in full assembly. He held office for life and was required by custom to be of full age, in possession of all his faculties, and without any remarkable blemish of mind or body. At the same time and subject to the same conditions, a tanist, or next he...
  • Tanit (ancient deity)
    chief goddess of Carthage, equivalent of Astarte. Although she seems to have had some connection with the heavens, she was also a mother goddess, and fertility symbols often accompany representations of her. She was probably the consort of Baal Hammon (or Amon), the chief god of Carthage, and was often given the attribute “face of Baa...
  • Tanizaki Jun’ichirō (Japanese writer)
    major modern Japanese novelist, whose writing is characterized by eroticism and ironic wit....
  • Tanizaki Prize (Japanese literary award)
    Japanese literary award given annually to a Japanese writer in recognition of an exemplary literary work. The prize consists of a trophy and one million yen. It was established in honour of Japanese novelist Tanizaki Jun’ichirō in 1965, the year of his death. Winners have included Endō Shūsaku for the novel Chimmoku (1966; ...
  • Ṭanjah (Morocco)
    port and principal city of northern Morocco. It is located on a bay of the Strait of Gibraltar 17 miles (27 km) from the southern tip of Spain; Tétouan lies about 40 miles (65 km) to the southeast. Pop. (2004) 669,685....
  • Tanjore (India)
    city, eastern Tamil Nadu state, southeastern India. It lies in the Kaveri (Cauvery) River delta, about 30 miles (50 km) east of Tiruchchirappalli. An early capital of the Chola (Cola) empire from the 9th to the 11th century, it was important during the Vijayanagar, Maratha, and British periods. It is now a tourist centre; attractions are the Brihadishvara Chola temple, a Vijayanagar fort, and the ...
  • Tanjung Karang-Telukbetung (Indonesia)
    port city, kotamadya (municipality), and capital of Lampung propinsi (province), Indonesia. It lies at the head of Lampung Bay on the south coast of Sumatra. Bandar Lampung was created in the 1980s from the amalgamation of the former provincial capital, Tanjungkarang, with the port of Telukbetung. The city’s cottage industries include meta...
  • Tanjung Putri (Malaysia)
    city, southern West Malaysia. It lies at the southern end of the Malay Peninsula and is separated from Singapore Island by the Johor Strait. At this point, a short rail and road causeway (0.75 mile [1.2 km]) crosses the strait to link the mainland with Singapore. Founded by Temenggong Ibrahim, the ruler of Johore, it was called Tanjung Putri until renamed Johore Bahru (“N...
  • Tanjungkarang-Telukbetung (Indonesia)
    port city, kotamadya (municipality), and capital of Lampung propinsi (province), Indonesia. It lies at the head of Lampung Bay on the south coast of Sumatra. Bandar Lampung was created in the 1980s from the amalgamation of the former provincial capital, Tanjungkarang, with the port of Telukbetung. The city’s cottage industries include meta...
  • Tanjungperak (Indonesia)
    Surabaya’s port, Tanjungperak, lies just north of the city and next to Ujung, Indonesia’s main naval station. Of Indonesian cities, Surabaya is surpassed in size only by Jakarta and has remained the chief commercial centre of eastern Java. From its port is shipped the bulk of Java’s chief agricultural product, sugar, as well as coffee, tobacco, teak, cassava, rubber, spices, v...
  • Tanjungpriok (harbour, Indonesia)
    The port of Tanjungpriok in Jakarta is the largest in Indonesia, handling exports from West Java and a large proportion of Indonesia’s import trade; many goods are transshipped to other islands or harbours....
  • “Tanjur” (Buddhist literature)
    the second great collection of Buddhist sacred writings in Tibet, comprising more than 3,600 texts filling some 225 volumes and supplementary to the canonical Bka’-’gyur (“Translation of the Buddha-Word”)....
  • tank (military vehicle)
    any heavily armed and armoured combat vehicle that moves on two endless metal chains called tracks. Tanks are the principal type of armoured vehicle. Other major types include tracked and wheeled infantry carriers, which were conceived only for transporting troops into action but which also have been used to some extent for fighting; armoured cars, which often resemble the light...
  • tank bromeliad (plant)
    ...canopy, and grazing land. They supply nesting sites and materials for a wide range of birds and mammals, and they are the principal living spaces for many primates, reptiles, and amphibians. The tank bromeliad, which traps water in its crowns, provides a habitat for salamanders, frogs, and many aquatic insects and larvae. The animal inhabitants of the water-filled, insectivorous......
  • tank car (railroad vehicle)
    ...continental European and American passenger trains to haul the automobiles of touring motorists who wish to travel part way by rail. One other specialized freight car is the cylindrically shaped tank car constructed to carry a variety of liquids, including industrial chemicals....
  • tank destroyer
    a highly mobile lightly armoured tank-type vehicle that was used to fight tanks in World War II. Tank destroyers tended to have relatively thin side and rear armour, and the gun was mounted in an open turret or in a casemate that had only a limited traverse. This made tank destroyers lighter, faster, and easier to manufacture, but it also rendered them more vu...
  • Tank Drive (ballet)
    Tharp’s first publicly performed piece of choreography, Tank Dive, was presented in 1965 at Hunter College. Over the next several years she choreographed numerous pieces, many of which employed street clothes, a bare stage, and no music. With her offbeat, technically precise explorations of various kinds and combinations of movements, she built a small but devoted....
  • tank epiphyte (plant)
    ...canopy, and grazing land. They supply nesting sites and materials for a wide range of birds and mammals, and they are the principal living spaces for many primates, reptiles, and amphibians. The tank bromeliad, which traps water in its crowns, provides a habitat for salamanders, frogs, and many aquatic insects and larvae. The animal inhabitants of the water-filled, insectivorous......
  • tank farming (horticulture)
    the cultivation of plants in nutrient-enriched water, with or without the mechanical support of an inert medium such as sand or gravel....
  • tank fermentation
    Additional differences between tank- and bottle-fermented wines may develop after secondary fermentation. Upon completion of fermentation, tank-fermented wines are filtered to remove the yeast deposit and then bottled. The filtration operation can introduce air, sometimes leading to oxidative changes affecting colour and taste. In addition, it is difficult to accomplish the necessary......
  • tank landing ship (naval ship)
    naval ship specially designed to transport and deploy troops, vehicles, and supplies onto foreign shores for the conduct of offensive military operations. LSTs were designed during World War II to disembark military forces without the use of dock facilities or the various cranes and lifts necessary to unload merchant ships. They gave the Allies the ability to conduct amphibious ...
  • Tank, Maksim (Belarusian poet)
    ...control over Belarusian cultural matters. Literature in the part of Belarus that was under Polish control until 1939 developed somewhat more freely. Two writers of note emerged from that area, Maksim Tank, author of the long poems Narach (1937) and Kalinowski (1938), and Natalla Arseneva, whose greatest poems are to be found in the collections Beneath the Blue Sky......
  • tank reactor (fission reactor)
    At higher power levels, it becomes more convenient to employ a tank-type reactor because it is simpler to control the flow path of pumped water in such a system. Low-power teaching reactors also are available in the tank form. The core and reflector arrangement in tank-type, plate-fuel research reactors is the same as in the pool-type systems and has the same variations; however, solid concrete......
  • tank refining
    ...solution of caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) or soda ash (sodium carbonate). The refining may be done in a tank (in which case it is called batch or tank refining) or in a continuous system. In batch refining, the aqueous emulsion of soaps formed from free fatty acids, along with other impurities (soapstock), settles to the bottom and is drawn off. In the continuous system the emulsion is......
  • tank respirator (medicine)
    ...aids such as the positive pressure ventilator, which pumps air into the patient’s lungs through an endotracheal tube inserted into the windpipe. Ventilators have largely replaced the “iron lungs” that gave polio such a dreadful image during the 20th century. Formally known as tank respirators, iron lungs were large steel cylinders that enclosed the abdomen or the entire bod...
  • tank retting (fibre-separation process)
    Tank retting, an increasingly important method, allows greater control and produces more uniform quality. The process, usually employing concrete vats, requires about four to six days and is feasible in any season. In the first six to eight hours, called the leaching period, much of the dirt and colouring matter is removed by the water, which is usually changed to assure clean fibre. Waste......
  • tank-type reactor (fission reactor)
    At higher power levels, it becomes more convenient to employ a tank-type reactor because it is simpler to control the flow path of pumped water in such a system. Low-power teaching reactors also are available in the tank form. The core and reflector arrangement in tank-type, plate-fuel research reactors is the same as in the pool-type systems and has the same variations; however, solid concrete......
  • Tanka (people)
    ...They are distributed in the northern mountains, from the coast to the interior, and are even found beyond the Fukien border in Kiangsi and southern Chekiang. Nor are the “boat people” (Tanka or Tang-chia), who live on boats in the streams and estuaries, recognized as a separate group....
  • tanka (Japanese poetry)
    in literature, a five-line, 31-syllable poem that has historically been the basic form of Japanese poetry. The term tanka is synonymous with the term waka, which more broadly denotes all traditional Japanese poetry in classical forms....
  • tanka (Buddhist art)
    (Tibetan: “something rolled up”), Tibetan religious painting or drawing on woven material, usually cotton; it has a bamboo-cane rod pasted on the bottom edge by which it can be rolled up....
  • Tankara (India)
    (Tibetan: “something rolled up”), Tibetan religious painting or drawing on woven material, usually cotton; it has a bamboo-cane rod pasted on the bottom edge by which it can be rolled up.......
  • Tankarbyggarorden (Swedish literary society)
    ...in Swedish literature. She settled in Stockholm and became a leading literary figure, publishing four volumes of poetry in the next six years. During the 1750s she was elected to a literary society, Tankarbyggarorden (“Order of the Thought Builders”), along with Finnish-born Gustav Philip Creutz and Gustaf Fredrik Gyllenborg. The society published the three-volume anthology that.....
  • tankard (drinking vessel)
    drinking vessel for ale or beer, widely used in northern Europe (especially Scandinavia, Germany, and the British Isles) and in colonial America from the second half of the 16th century until the end of the 18th century. The body is usually cylindrical, and it has a hinged lid (with or without finial), generally a thumbpiece, and a handle that is often in a scroll shape. On the handles of many 17...
  • tanker (ship)
    ship designed to carry liquid cargo in bulk. Its cargo is usually a petroleum product, either crude oil being carried from oil fields to refineries or gasoline being carried from refineries to distribution centres. The liquid is piped into the cargo space of the ship and transported without the use of barrels or other containers. Special tankers carry other liquids such as molasses, asphalt, wine,...
  • tankette (tank)
    ...1930 and 1939 were still armed only with machine guns. Italy was even worse off, with only 70 M/11 tanks with 37-millimetre guns while the rest of its total of 1,500 were small, machine-gun-armed tankettes. The United States had only about 300 machine-gun-armed light tanks. Most of the 2,000 tanks produced in Japan were equally lightly armed. By comparison, France had a more powerful tank......
  • Tänn Falls (waterfall, Sweden)
    waterfall in the län (county) of Jämtland, northwestern Sweden, on upper Indals River, between Tänn and Östra Norn lakes and near Mount Åreskutan (4,659 feet [1,420 m]). One of Sweden’s most impressive falls, it is split into two parallel cataracts, each about 81 feet (25 m) high. A total drop of 121 feet (37 m) carries its waters downward into ...
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